星形胶质细胞在多发性硬化症中的作用调控。
Regulation of Astrocyte Functions in Multiple Sclerosis.
机构信息
Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142.
出版信息
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2019 Jan 2;9(1):a029009. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029009.
Abstract
Astrocytes play complex roles in health and disease. Here, we review recent findings on molecular pathways that control astrocyte function in multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as new tools for their investigation. In particular, we describe positive and negative regulators of astrocyte-mediated pathogenesis in MS, such as sphingolipid metabolism and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, respectively. In addition, we also discuss the issue of astrocyte heterogeneity and its relevance for the contribution of astrocytes to MS pathogenesis. Finally, we discuss how new genomic tools could transform the study of astrocyte biology in MS.
摘要
星形胶质细胞在健康和疾病中发挥着复杂的作用。在这里，我们回顾了控制多发性硬化症（MS）中星形胶质细胞功能的分子途径的最新发现，以及用于研究这些途径的新工具。特别是，我们分别描述了鞘脂代谢和芳基烃受体信号传导等分别控制 MS 中星形胶质细胞介导的发病机制的正调节剂和负调节剂。此外，我们还讨论了星形胶质细胞异质性及其与星形胶质细胞对 MS 发病机制的贡献的相关性的问题。最后，我们讨论了新的基因组工具如何改变 MS 中星形胶质细胞生物学的研究。
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