Landi Francesco, Calvani Riccardo, Picca Anna, Tosato Matteo, Martone Anna Maria, D'Angelo Emanuela, Serafini Elisabetta, Bernabei Roberto, Marzetti Emanuele
Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Teaching Hospital "Agostino Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
PLoS One. 2018 Jan 25;13(1):e0191820. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191820. eCollection 2018.
The maintenance of muscle function into late life protects against various negative health outcomes. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of habitual physical activity and exercise types on physical performance across ages in community-living adults. The Longevity check-up 7+ (Lookup 7+) project is an ongoing cross-sectional survey conducted in unconventional settings (e.g., exhibitions, malls, and health promotion campaigns across Italy) that began on June 1st 2015. The project was designed to raise awareness in the general population on major lifestyle behaviors and risk factors for chronic diseases. Candidate participants are eligible for enrolment if they are at least 18 years of age and provide written informed consent. Physical performance is evaluated through the 5-repetition chair stand test. Analyses were conducted in 6,242 community-living adults enrolled between June 1st 2015 and June 30th 2017, after excluding 81 participants for missing values of the variables of interest. The mean age of the 6,242 participants was 54.4 years (standard deviation 15.2, range 18-98 years), and 3552 (57%) were women. The time to complete the chair stand test was similar from 18 to 40-44 years, and declined progressively across subsequent age groups. Overall, the performance on the chair stand test was better in physically active participants, who completed the test with a mean of 0.5 s less than sedentary enrollees (p < .001). After adjusting for potential confounders, a different distribution of physical performance across exercise intensities was observed, with better performance being recorded in participants engaged in more vigorous activities. Our findings suggest that regular physical activity modifies the age-related pattern of decline in physical performance, with greater benefits observed for more intensive activities. Efforts are needed from health authorities and healthcare providers to promote the large-scale adoption of an active lifestyle throughout the life course.
肌肉功能维持到晚年可预防各种不良健康后果。本研究旨在评估习惯性身体活动和运动类型对社区居住成年人各年龄段身体机能的影响。长寿体检7+（Lookup 7+）项目是一项正在进行的横断面调查，在非传统场所（如意大利各地的展览、商场和健康促进活动）开展，于2015年6月1日启动。该项目旨在提高普通人群对主要生活方式行为和慢性病风险因素的认识。候选参与者若年满18岁并提供书面知情同意书，则有资格入选。通过5次重复坐立试验评估身体机能。在排除81名因感兴趣变量缺失值而未参与的参与者后，对2015年6月1日至2017年6月30日期间入选的6242名社区居住成年人进行了分析。6242名参与者的平均年龄为54.4岁（标准差15.2，范围18 - 98岁），其中3552名（57%）为女性。完成坐立试验的时间在18岁至40 - 44岁之间相似，在随后的年龄组中逐渐下降。总体而言，身体活跃的参与者在坐立试验中的表现更好，他们完成试验的平均时间比久坐的入选者少0.5秒（p < .001）。在调整潜在混杂因素后，观察到不同运动强度下身体机能的分布有所不同，参与更剧烈活动的参与者表现更好。我们的研究结果表明，规律的身体活动可改变与年龄相关的身体机能下降模式，更剧烈的活动带来的益处更大。卫生当局和医疗保健提供者需要做出努力，以促进在整个生命过程中大规模采用积极的生活方式。
