Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Department of Management of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems, University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy.
Nutrients. 2018 Jan 26;10(2):128. doi: 10.3390/nu10020128.
Because eating habits are inseparably linked with people's physical health, effective behaviour interventions are highly demanded to promote healthy eating among older people. The aim of this systematic review was to identify effective diet interventions for older people and provide useful evidence and direction for further research. Three electronic bibliographic databases-PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection were used to conduct a systematic literature search based on fixed inclusion and exclusion criteria. English language peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2011 and 2016 were selected for data extraction and quality assessment. Finally, a total of 16 studies were identified. The studies' duration ranged from three weeks to seven years. The majority of studies were carried out in European countries. Seven studies had a moderate quality while the remaining studies were at a less than moderate level. Three dietary educational interventions and all meal service related interventions reported improvements in older people's dietary variety, nutrition status, or other health-related eating behaviours. Multicomponent dietary interventions mainly contributed to the reduction of risk of chronic disease. The results supported that older people could achieve a better dietary quality if they make diet-related changes by receiving either dietary education or healthier meal service. Further high-quality studies are required to promote healthy eating among older people by taking regional diet patterns, advanced information technology, and nudging strategies into account.
由于饮食习惯与人们的身体健康息息相关，因此需要有效的行为干预措施来促进老年人的健康饮食。本系统综述的目的是确定针对老年人的有效饮食干预措施，并为进一步的研究提供有用的证据和方向。本研究采用 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science Core Collection 这三个电子文献数据库，根据固定的纳入和排除标准进行系统文献检索。选择了 2011 年至 2016 年间发表的英文同行评议期刊文章进行数据提取和质量评估。最终确定了 16 项研究。这些研究的持续时间从 3 周到 7 年不等。大多数研究在欧洲国家进行。7 项研究的质量为中等，其余研究的质量低于中等水平。3 项饮食教育干预和所有与膳食服务相关的干预措施都报告了改善老年人饮食多样性、营养状况或其他与健康相关的饮食行为的效果。多组分饮食干预主要有助于降低慢性病的风险。研究结果表明，如果老年人通过接受饮食教育或更健康的膳食服务来进行相关饮食改变，他们可以获得更好的饮食质量。需要进一步开展高质量的研究，以考虑区域饮食模式、先进的信息技术和推动策略来促进老年人的健康饮食。
