Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedics Institute, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018 Dec 1;57(12):2072-2086. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex487.
Growing evidence indicates that infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP)-derived stem cells (IPFSCs) exert robust proliferation capacities and multilineage differentiation potentials. However, few papers summarize the advantages that the IPFP and IPFSCs have in regenerative medicine. In this review we delineate the development and anatomy of the IPFP by comparing it with an adjacent fibrous tissue, synovium, and a more frequently harvested fat depot, subcutaneous adipose tissue. Furthermore, we explore the similarities and differences of stem cells from these three tissues in terms of IPFSCs, synovium-derived stem cells and subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived stem cells in proliferation capacity and tri-lineage differentiation potentials, including chondrogenesis, osteogenesis and adipogenesis. Finally, we highlight the advantages of IPFSCs in regenerative medicine, such as the abundant accessibility and the ability to resist inflammation and senescence, two hurdles for cell-based tissue regeneration. Considering the comparative advantages of IPFSCs, the IPFP can serve as an excellent stem cell source for regenerative medicine, particularly for cartilage regeneration.
越来越多的证据表明，髌下脂肪垫（IPFP）来源的干细胞（IPFSCs）具有强大的增殖能力和多向分化潜能。然而，很少有文献总结 IPFP 和 IPFSCs 在再生医学中的优势。在这篇综述中，我们通过比较髌下脂肪垫与相邻的纤维组织、滑膜和更为常见的脂肪储存部位——皮下脂肪组织，来描述髌下脂肪垫的发育和解剖结构。此外，我们还探讨了这三种组织来源的干细胞（IPFSCs、滑膜来源的干细胞和皮下脂肪组织来源的干细胞）在增殖能力和三系分化潜能（包括软骨形成、成骨和脂肪形成）方面的异同。最后，我们强调了 IPFSCs 在再生医学中的优势，如丰富的可及性以及抵抗炎症和衰老的能力，这是细胞为基础的组织再生的两大障碍。考虑到 IPFSCs 的比较优势，髌下脂肪垫可以作为再生医学，特别是软骨再生的优秀干细胞来源。
