Rong Hongguo, Xi Yuandi, An Yu, Tao Lingwei, Zhang Xiaona, Yu Huiyan, Wang Ying, Qin Zhongsheng, Xiao Rong
School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Jincheng People's Hospital, Jincheng, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2018 Jan 10;9:444. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00444. eCollection 2017.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether people exposed to the Chinese Famine in fetal period or in multiple stages of childhood are associated with cognitive decline in adulthood. Furthermore, the nutritional environment of adulthood was explored as an important factor in this correlation. 1162 adults born between 1952 and 1964 were recruited. They were divided into five groups which were non-exposed group, fetal-exposed group, early childhood-exposed group, mid childhood-exposed group and late childhood-exposed group. Cognitive function was measured by using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery test, including Montreal cognitive assessment-Beijing version, mini-mental state examination, auditory verbal learning test, digit span forward, digit span backward, trail making test, and digit symbol test. Semi-quantified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess the dietary nutrition in their adulthood. The dietary nutrient consumption pattern was identified by Two-step and -means cluster analysis. The significant differences in cognitive function were manifested in different groups. Compared with non-exposed group, subjects in fetal-exposed group had a higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (OR 1.51 95% CI 1.02-2.23, = 0.039) and global cognitive decline (OR 1.68 59% CI 1.02-2.77, = 0.044). The similar result was also observed in subjects of early childhood-exposed group. Otherwise, subjects who were classified in high nutrient consumption pattern had higher risk of cognitive decline. Moreover, the higher consumption of several nutrients such as fat, carbohydrate and manganese were associated with worse performance on digit span forward, digit span backward, trail making test A, trail making test B and digit symbol. Early stages of life exposed to the Chinese Famine were associated with higher risk of cognitive decline in adulthood. The stronger associations were manifested in the people with high nutrient consumption pattern. The consumption of fat, carbohydrate and manganese were associated with multiple domains cognitive decline.
本研究旨在调查胎儿期或童年多个阶段经历中国饥荒的人群与成年后认知能力下降是否有关联。此外，还探讨了成年期的营养环境作为这种关联中的一个重要因素。招募了1162名出生于1952年至1964年之间的成年人。他们被分为五组，即未暴露组、胎儿期暴露组、幼儿期暴露组、童年中期暴露组和童年晚期暴露组。使用一套综合神经心理测试来测量认知功能，包括蒙特利尔认知评估北京版、简易精神状态检查表、听觉词语学习测试、顺背数字广度、倒背数字广度、连线测验和数字符号测试。采用半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估他们成年期的饮食营养。通过两步均值聚类分析确定饮食营养消费模式。不同组在认知功能上存在显著差异。与未暴露组相比，胎儿期暴露组的受试者发生轻度认知障碍（MCI）的风险更高（OR 1.51，95%CI 1.02 - 2.23，P = 0.039）以及整体认知能力下降的风险更高（OR 1.68，95%CI 1.02 - 2.77，P = 0.044）。在幼儿期暴露组的受试者中也观察到了类似结果。此外，被归类为高营养消费模式的受试者认知能力下降的风险更高。而且，脂肪、碳水化合物和锰等几种营养素的较高摄入量与顺背数字广度、倒背数字广度、连线测验A、连线测验B和数字符号测试中的较差表现有关。生命早期经历中国饥荒与成年后认知能力下降的较高风险相关。在高营养消费模式的人群中这种关联表现得更强。脂肪、碳水化合物和锰的摄入与多个认知领域的下降有关。
