与儿童和成人强迫症相关的皮质异常：来自 ENIGMA 强迫症工作组的研究结果。
Cortical Abnormalities Associated With Pediatric and Adult Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Findings From the ENIGMA Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Working Group.
机构信息
From the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Orygen, National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne; the Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; the Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; the Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomèdica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth, and Family Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Centre for Brain and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; the Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; the Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; the Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin; the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich; the Magnetic Resonance Image Core Facility, IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic Universitari, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China; the Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Republic of Korea; the Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome; the Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey; Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; the Bascule, Academic Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; the Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Oxford, U.K.; the Department of Neuroradiology and the TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich; the Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the SU/UCT MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical College, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York; the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; the Mood Disorders Clinic and the Anxiety Treatment and Research Center, St. Joseph's HealthCare, Hamilton, Ontario; the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Centro Fermi-Enrico Fermi Historical Museum of Physics and Study and Research Center, Rome; ATR Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Kyoto, Japan; the Center for Mathematics, Computing, and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil; the Center for OCD and Related Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York; the Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Beth K. and Stuart C. Yudofsky Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Clinical Neuroscience and Development Laboratory, Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford, Conn.; the Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; the James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y.; the Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Conn.; the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China; and the Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
出版信息
Am J Psychiatry. 2018 May 1;175(5):453-462. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17050485. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
OBJECTIVE
Brain imaging studies of structural abnormalities in OCD have yielded inconsistent results, partly because of limited statistical power, clinical heterogeneity, and methodological differences. The authors conducted meta- and mega-analyses comprising the largest study of cortical morphometry in OCD ever undertaken.
METHOD
T-weighted MRI scans of 1,905 OCD patients and 1,760 healthy controls from 27 sites worldwide were processed locally using FreeSurfer to assess cortical thickness and surface area. Effect sizes for differences between patients and controls, and associations with clinical characteristics, were calculated using linear regression models controlling for age, sex, site, and intracranial volume.
RESULTS
In adult OCD patients versus controls, we found a significantly lower surface area for the transverse temporal cortex and a thinner inferior parietal cortex. Medicated adult OCD patients also showed thinner cortices throughout the brain. In pediatric OCD patients compared with controls, we found significantly thinner inferior and superior parietal cortices, but none of the regions analyzed showed significant differences in surface area. However, medicated pediatric OCD patients had lower surface area in frontal regions. Cohen's d effect sizes varied from -0.10 to -0.33.
CONCLUSIONS
The parietal cortex was consistently implicated in both adults and children with OCD. More widespread cortical thickness abnormalities were found in medicated adult OCD patients, and more pronounced surface area deficits (mainly in frontal regions) were found in medicated pediatric OCD patients. These cortical measures represent distinct morphological features and may be differentially affected during different stages of development and illness, and possibly moderated by disease profile and medication.
目的
强迫症（OCD）结构异常的脑影像学研究结果不一致，部分原因是统计效力有限、临床异质性和方法学差异。作者进行了荟萃分析和 mega 分析，包括迄今为止 OCD 皮质形态计量学最大的研究。
方法
对来自全球 27 个地点的 1905 名 OCD 患者和 1760 名健康对照者的 T1 加权 MRI 扫描进行局部处理，使用 FreeSurfer 评估皮质厚度和表面积。使用线性回归模型计算患者与对照组之间差异的效应大小，并控制年龄、性别、地点和颅内体积进行临床特征的相关性分析。
结果
与对照组相比，成年 OCD 患者的横颞叶皮质表面积较低，顶下小叶皮质较薄。接受药物治疗的成年 OCD 患者大脑皮质也普遍变薄。与对照组相比，儿科 OCD 患者的顶下和顶上小叶皮质明显较薄，但分析的区域中没有一个在表面积上存在显著差异。然而，接受药物治疗的儿科 OCD 患者额区表面积较低。Cohen's d 效应大小从-0.10 到-0.33 不等。
结论
顶叶皮质在成年和儿童 OCD 患者中均持续受累。接受药物治疗的成年 OCD 患者中发现更广泛的皮质厚度异常，接受药物治疗的儿科 OCD 患者中发现更明显的表面积缺陷（主要在前额区域）。这些皮质测量结果代表了不同的形态特征，可能在不同的发育和疾病阶段受到不同的影响，并可能受疾病特征和药物的调节。
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