Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Pharmacol Ther. 2018 Aug;188:80-96. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.01.012. Epub 2018 Mar 9.
Pet dogs are becoming increasingly recognized as a population with the potential to inform medical research through their treatment for a variety of maladies by veterinary health professionals. This is the basis of the One Health initiative, supporting the idea of collaboration between human and animal health researchers and clinicians to study spontaneous disease processes and treatment in animals to inform human health. Cancer is a major health burden in pet dogs, accounting for approximately 30% of deaths across breeds. As such, pet dogs with cancer are becoming increasingly recognized as a resource for studying the pharmacology and therapeutic potential of anticancer drugs and therapies under development. This was recently highlighted by a National Academy of Medicine Workshop on Comparative Oncology that took place in mid-2015 (http://www.nap.edu/21830). One component of cancer burden in dogs is their significantly higher incidence of sarcomas as compared to humans. This increased incidence led to canine osteosarcoma being an important component in the development of surgical approaches for osteosarcoma in children. Included in this review of sarcomas in dogs is a description of the incidence, pathology, molecular characteristics and previous translational therapeutic studies associated with these tumors. An understanding of the patho-physiological and molecular characteristics of these naturally occurring canine sarcomas holds great promise for effective incorporation into drug development schemas, for evaluation of target modulation or other pharmacodynamic measures associated with therapeutic response. These data could serve to supplement other preclinical data and bolster clinical investigations in tumor types for which there is a paucity of human patients for clinical trials.
宠物犬正逐渐被视为一个有潜力的群体，兽医健康专家可以通过治疗它们的各种疾病为医学研究提供信息。这就是“One Health”倡议的基础，该倡议支持人类和动物健康研究人员和临床医生之间的合作，研究动物自发性疾病过程和治疗方法，为人类健康提供信息。癌症是宠物犬的主要健康负担，约占所有品种犬死亡的 30%。因此，患有癌症的宠物犬越来越被认为是研究开发中的抗癌药物和治疗方法的药理学和治疗潜力的资源。这一点最近在 2015 年中期举行的美国国家医学院比较肿瘤学研讨会上得到了强调(http://www.nap.edu/21830)。犬类癌症负担的一个组成部分是它们的肉瘤发病率明显高于人类。这种发病率的增加导致犬骨肉瘤成为儿童骨肉瘤外科治疗方法发展的重要组成部分。对犬类肉瘤的研究包括对这些肿瘤的发病率、病理学、分子特征和以前的转化治疗研究的描述。了解这些天然发生的犬肉瘤的病理生理和分子特征，为将其有效地纳入药物开发方案、评估与治疗反应相关的靶标调节或其他药效学措施提供了巨大的希望。这些数据可以补充其他临床前数据，并支持肿瘤类型的临床研究，对于这些肿瘤类型，临床试验的人类患者很少。
