Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 Jan 1;107(1):43-53. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqx030.
Evidence suggests that short sleep duration may be a newly identified modifiable risk factor for obesity, yet there is a paucity of studies to investigate this.
We assessed the feasibility of a personalized sleep extension protocol in adults aged 18-64 y who are habitually short sleepers (5 to <7 h), with sleep primarily measured by wrist actigraphy. In addition, we collected pilot data to assess the effects of extended sleep on dietary intake and quality measured by 7-d food diaries, resting and total energy expenditure, physical activity, and markers of cardiometabolic health.
Forty-two normal-weight healthy participants who were habitually short sleepers completed this free-living, 4-wk, parallel-design randomized controlled trial. The sleep extension group (n = 21) received a behavioral consultation session targeting sleep hygiene. The control group (n = 21) maintained habitual short sleep.
Rates of participation, attrition, and compliance were 100%, 6.5%, and 85.7%, respectively. The sleep extension group significantly increased time in bed [0:55 hours:minutes (h:mm); 95% CI: 0:37, 1:12 h:mm], sleep period (0:47 h:mm; 95% CI: 0:29, 1:05 h:mm), and sleep duration (0:21 h:mm; 95% CI: 0:06, 0:36 h:mm) compared with the control group. Sleep extension led to reduced intake of free sugars (-9.6 g; 95% CI: -16.0, -3.1 g) compared with control (0.7 g; 95% CI: -5.7, 7.2 g) (P = 0.042). A sensitivity analysis in plausible reporters showed that the sleep extension group reduced intakes of fat (percentage), carbohydrates (grams), and free sugars (grams) in comparison to the control group. There were no significant differences between groups in markers of energy balance or cardiometabolic health.
We showed the feasibility of extending sleep in adult short sleepers. Sleep extension led to reduced free sugar intakes and may be a viable strategy to facilitate limiting excessive consumption of free sugars in an obesity-promoting environment. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02787577.
有证据表明，睡眠时间短可能是肥胖的一个新的可改变的风险因素，但目前还缺乏研究来对此进行调查。
我们评估了一项个性化的睡眠延长方案在习惯性短睡者（5 至<7 小时）中的可行性，这些人的睡眠主要通过腕部活动记录仪来测量。此外，我们收集了初步数据来评估延长睡眠时间对通过 7 天食物日记测量的饮食摄入和质量、静息和总能量消耗、身体活动以及心脏代谢健康标志物的影响。
42 名体重正常的健康习惯性短睡者完成了这项自由生活、为期 4 周的平行设计随机对照试验。睡眠延长组（n=21）接受了针对睡眠卫生的行为咨询。对照组（n=21）保持习惯性的短睡眠。
参与率、失访率和依从率分别为 100%、6.5%和 85.7%。与对照组相比，睡眠延长组在床上的时间显著增加[0:55 小时：分钟（h:mm）；95%置信区间：0:37，1:12 h:mm]、睡眠时间[0:47 h:mm；95%置信区间：0:29，1:05 h:mm]和睡眠持续时间[0:21 h:mm；95%置信区间：0:06，0:36 h:mm]。与对照组相比，睡眠延长导致自由糖摄入量减少（-9.6 克；95%置信区间：-16.0，-3.1 克），而对照组则增加了 0.7 克（95%置信区间：-5.7，7.2 克）（P=0.042）。在可能的报告者的敏感性分析中，与对照组相比，睡眠延长组的脂肪（百分比）、碳水化合物（克）和自由糖（克）摄入量减少。两组在能量平衡或心脏代谢健康标志物方面无显著差异。
我们展示了在成人短睡者中延长睡眠时间的可行性。睡眠延长导致自由糖摄入量减少，可能是在促进肥胖的环境中限制过量摄入自由糖的可行策略。这项试验在 www.clinicaltrials.gov 注册，编号为 NCT02787577。
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