Center for Population Health and Aging, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jan 30;15(2):234. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15020234.
Despite the well-recognized benefits of physical activity across the life course, older adults are more inactive than other age groups. The current study examines the effects of participation on self-reported sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity. Secondarily, this study examined intervention effects on two potential facilitators of physical activity: (1) self-efficacy for being more physically active and (2) social support received for physical activity. This study used a non-equivalent group design with self-reported surveys administered at baseline, three-month (immediate post for cases) and six-month follow-ups for the intervention ( = 163) and a comparison group ( = 267). Multivariable mixed model analyses were conducted controlling for age, sex, race, ethnicity, education, comorbid conditions, and site. Among the intervention group, the program had significant immediate effects on most primary outcomes ( < 0.05) at three months. Furthermore, significant improvements were observed for all physical activity intensity levels at six months ( < 0.05). The reduction in sedentary behavior and increases in all physical activity intensity levels were significantly greater from baseline to three-month and baseline to six-month follow-ups among intervention group participants relative to those in the comparison group. This study confirms the effectiveness of to reduce sedentary behavior and improve physicality, supporting the intervention's robustness as a scalable and sustainable evidence-based program. It also counters negative stereotypes that older adults are not interested in attending multi-modal lifestyle intervention programs nor able to make health behavior changes that can improve health and overall functioning.
尽管身体活动在整个生命过程中都被公认为有益，但老年人的活动量却比其他年龄段的人少。本研究考察了参与对自我报告的久坐、轻度、中度和剧烈身体活动的影响。其次，本研究考察了干预对身体活动的两个潜在促进因素的影响：（1）更积极参与身体活动的自我效能感；（2）身体活动所获得的社会支持。本研究采用非等效组设计，在基线、三个月（即时随访）和六个月随访时对干预组（n=163）和对照组（n=267）进行自我报告调查。采用多变量混合模型分析，控制年龄、性别、种族、民族、教育、合并症和地点。在干预组中，该方案在三个月时对大多数主要结果有显著的即时效应（<0.05）。此外，在六个月时，所有身体活动强度水平都有显著改善（<0.05）。与对照组相比，干预组参与者从基线到三个月和从基线到六个月的随访中，久坐行为减少，所有身体活动强度水平都增加，差异均有统计学意义。本研究证实了该方案能够减少久坐行为和提高身体活力，支持该干预措施作为一种可扩展和可持续的循证方案的有效性。它还反驳了老年人对参加多模式生活方式干预计划不感兴趣、也无法做出改善健康和整体功能的健康行为改变的负面刻板印象。
