Pediatric Department, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway.
The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; School of social and community medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
J Pediatr. 2018 Apr;195:182-189.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.11.065. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
To study whether the duration of breastfeeding and time for introduction of complementary foods was associated with the risk of childhood asthma.
We used data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Study, a nationwide prospective cohort study that recruited pregnant women from across Norway between 1999 and 2008. Children with complete data of breastfeeding up to 18 months and current age >7 years were eligible (n = 41 020). Asthma as the primary outcome was defined based on ≥2 dispensed asthma medications at age 7 years registered in the Norwegian Prescription Database. We used log-binomial regression models to obtain crude relative risks (RRs) in the main analysis, and adjusted for selected confounders in multivariable analyses.
For duration of any breastfeeding, 5.9% of infants breastfed <6 months (adjusted RR [aRR] 1.05, 0.93-1.19) and 4.6% breastfed 6-11 months (aRR 0.96, 0.87-1.07) had dispensed asthma medications at age 7 years compared with 4.6% of infants breastfed ≥12 months (P .62). Infants still breastfed at 6 months, but introduced to complementary foods <4 months and 4-6 months, had an aRR of 1.15 (0.98-1.36) and 1.09 (0.94-1.27) respectively, compared with infants fully breastfed for 6 months (P .09). Ages at introduction of solids or formula separately were not significant predictors (P .16 and .08, respectively).
We found no association between duration of breastfeeding or age of introduction to complementary foods and asthma at age 7 years.
研究母乳喂养持续时间和引入补充食品的时间与儿童哮喘风险之间的关系。
我们使用了来自挪威母婴研究的数据，这是一项全国性的前瞻性队列研究，于 1999 年至 2008 年期间在挪威各地招募了孕妇。符合条件的儿童需要有完整的母乳喂养数据至 18 个月，且当前年龄>7 岁（n=41020）。哮喘作为主要结局，是根据挪威处方数据库中 7 岁时≥2 次分配的哮喘药物来定义的。我们使用对数二项式回归模型在主要分析中获得粗相对风险（RR），并在多变量分析中调整了选定的混杂因素。
对于任何母乳喂养的持续时间，5.9%的婴儿母乳喂养<6 个月（调整后的 RR[aRR]1.05，0.93-1.19）和 4.6%的婴儿母乳喂养 6-11 个月（aRR0.96，0.87-1.07）与母乳喂养≥12 个月的婴儿（4.6%）相比，在 7 岁时开出了哮喘药物（P>.62）。仍在 6 个月时母乳喂养，但在 4-6 个月内引入补充食品的婴儿，RR 为 1.15（0.98-1.36）和 1.09（0.94-1.27），而完全母乳喂养 6 个月的婴儿 RR 为 1.00（P>.09）。分别引入固体或配方食品的年龄不是显著的预测因素（P>.16 和.08）。
我们没有发现母乳喂养持续时间或引入补充食品的年龄与 7 岁时的哮喘之间存在关联。
