膳食咨询对儿童期到成年期综合代谢特征的影响。
Effect of Dietary Counseling on a Comprehensive Metabolic Profile from Childhood to Adulthood.
机构信息
Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
出版信息
J Pediatr. 2018 Apr;195:190-198.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.11.057. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
OBJECTIVES
To study the effects of repeated, infancy-onset dietary counseling on a detailed metabolic profile. Effects of dietary saturated fat replacement on circulating concentrations of metabolic biomarkers still remain unknown.
STUDY DESIGN
The Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP) study is a longitudinal, randomized atherosclerosis prevention trial in which repeated dietary counseling aimed at reducing the proportion of saturated fat intake. Nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics quantified circulating metabolites from serum samples assessed at age 9 (n = 554), 11 (n = 553), 13 (n = 508), 15 (n = 517), 17 (n = 457), and 19 (n = 417) years.
RESULTS
The intervention reduced dietary intake of saturated fat (mean difference in daily percentage of total energy intake: -2.1 [95% CI -1.9 to -2.3]) and increased intake of polyunsaturated fat (0.6 [0.5-0.7]). The dietary counseling intervention led to greater serum proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (P < .001), with greater proportions of both circulating omega-3 (P = .02) and omega-6 (P < .001) fatty acids. The proportion of saturated fatty acids in serum was lower for both boys and girls in the intervention group (P < .001), whereas the serum proportion of monounsaturated fat was lower for boys in the intervention group only (P < .001). The intervention also reduced circulating intermediate-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein lipid concentrations (P < .01). Dietary intervention effects on nonlipid biomarkers were minor except from greater concentrations of glutamine in the intervention group.
CONCLUSIONS
Repeated dietary counseling from infancy to early adulthood yielded favorable effects on multiple circulating fatty acids and lipoprotein subclass lipids, particularly in boys. These molecular effects substantiate the beneficial role of saturated fat replacement on the metabolic risk profile.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00223600.
目的
研究反复进行婴儿期饮食咨询对详细代谢特征的影响。饮食中饱和脂肪替代对代谢生物标志物循环浓度的影响尚不清楚。
研究设计
特殊图尔库冠状动脉风险因素干预研究（STRIP）是一项旨在减少饱和脂肪摄入量的纵向、随机动脉粥样硬化预防试验。该研究采用核磁共振代谢组学技术，从 9 岁（n=554）、11 岁（n=553）、13 岁（n=508）、15 岁（n=517）、17 岁（n=457）和 19 岁（n=417）岁的血清样本中定量检测循环代谢物。
结果
干预措施降低了饮食中饱和脂肪的摄入量（每日总能量摄入百分比的平均差异：-2.1[95%CI-1.9 至-2.3]），并增加了多不饱和脂肪的摄入量（0.6[0.5-0.7]）。饮食咨询干预导致血清中多不饱和脂肪酸的比例增加（P<.001），其中循环 ω-3（P=.02）和 ω-6（P<.001）脂肪酸的比例均增加。干预组男孩和女孩血清中的饱和脂肪酸比例均降低（P<.001），而干预组男孩血清中的单不饱和脂肪酸比例降低（P<.001）。干预还降低了中间密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白脂质浓度（P<.01）。除干预组谷氨酰胺浓度升高外，饮食干预对非脂类生物标志物的影响较小。
结论
从婴儿期到成年早期反复进行饮食咨询对多种循环脂肪酸和脂蛋白亚类脂质产生了有利影响，尤其是男孩。这些分子效应证实了用饱和脂肪替代物来改善代谢风险状况的有益作用。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov：NCT00223600。
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