1 University of Toronto.
2 The Pennsylvania State University.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2017 Dec 1;39(6):438-442. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2017-0011. Epub 2018 Feb 5.
This study examined how experienced and anticipated pride and shame were related to time spent training and effort expended toward training the following week. Participants (N = 158, 76% women; M = 35.51, SD = 10.29 years) training for a marathon/half-marathon completed a weekly online questionnaire for 5 weeks leading up to a race. In the multilevel models, time spent training was positively predicted by race proximity, age, and effort expended that week. Effort expended toward training was predicted by the current week's effort, the amount of time spent training that week, and was greater for participants who usually reported experiencing more pride than others. Neither anticipated pride or shame predicted time or effort, nor did experienced shame. The findings indicate that it is functional to foster high levels of pride when training for a long-distance race. Further work is needed to ascertain the relationship between anticipated emotions on goal-directed behavior.
这项研究考察了经验性自豪和预期性羞耻感与以下一周的训练时间和训练投入之间的关系。参与者（N=158，76%为女性；M=35.51，SD=10.29 岁）为马拉松/半程马拉松训练，在比赛前的 5 周内每周完成一次在线问卷。在多层次模型中，训练时间与比赛临近、年龄和本周的投入呈正相关。训练投入由本周的投入、本周的训练时间和通常报告比其他人体验到更多自豪感的参与者的投入决定。预期性自豪和羞耻都没有预测时间或投入，经验性羞耻也没有。研究结果表明，在为长跑训练时培养高度的自豪感是有作用的。需要进一步的工作来确定预期情绪与目标导向行为之间的关系。
