School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
Beijing Municipal Research Academy of Environmental Protection, No. 59, Beiyingfang Middle Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Feb 5;15(2):269. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15020269.
This study focuses on the application of combining membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment with reverse osmosis (RO) or nanofiltration (NF) membrane treatment for removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in municipal wastewater. Twenty-seven PPCPs were measured in real influent with lowest average concentration being trimethoprim (7.12 ng/L) and the highest being caffeine (18.4 ng/L). The results suggest that the MBR system effectively removes the PPCPs with an efficiency of between 41.08% and 95.41%, and that the integrated membrane systems, MBR-RO/NF, can achieve even higher removal rates of above 95% for most of them. The results also suggest that, due to the differences in removal mechanisms of NF/RO membrane, differences of removal rates exist. In this study, the combination of MBR-NF resulted in the removal of 13 compounds to below detection limits and MBR-RO achieved even better results with removal of 20 compounds to below detection limits.
本研究重点探讨了膜生物反应器（MBR）与反渗透（RO）或纳滤（NF）膜处理相结合，用于去除市政废水中的药品和个人护理品（PPCPs）。在实际进水样中检测到 27 种 PPCPs，最低平均浓度为甲氧苄啶（7.12ng/L），最高为咖啡因（18.4ng/L）。结果表明，MBR 系统能有效去除 PPCPs，去除效率在 41.08%至 95.41%之间，而 MBR-RO/NF 等组合膜系统对大多数 PPCPs 的去除率甚至更高，超过 95%。结果还表明，由于 NF/RO 膜的去除机制不同，去除率存在差异。在本研究中，MBR-NF 组合可将 13 种化合物去除至检测限以下，MBR-RO 的去除效果甚至更好，可将 20 种化合物去除至检测限以下。
