慢性欺凌受害与体重状况及身体自我形象之间的关联：一项在39个国家开展的跨国研究。
The association between chronic bullying victimization with weight status and body self-image: a cross-national study in 39 countries.
作者信息
Lian Qiguo, Su Qiru, Li Ruili, Elgar Frank J, Liu Zhihao, Zheng Dongpeng
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
出版信息
PeerJ. 2018 Jan 31;6:e4330. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4330. eCollection 2018.
BACKGROUND
Childhood obesity and school bullying are pervasive public health issues and known to co-occur in adolescents. However, the association between underweight or thinness and chronic bullying victimization is unclear. The current study examined whether chronic bullying victimization is associated with weight status and body self-image.
METHODS
A school-based, cross-sectional study in 39 North American and European countries and regions was conducted. A total of 213,595 adolescents aged 11, 13, and 15 years were surveyed in 2009/10. Chronic bullying victimization was identified using the Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire. Weight status was determined using self-reported height and weight and the body mass index (BMI), and body self-image was based on perceived weight. We tested associations between underweight and bullying victimization using three-level logistic regression models.
RESULTS
Of the 213,595 adolescents investigated, 11.28% adolescents reported chronic bullying victimization, 14.80% were classified as overweight/obese according to age- and sex-specific BMI criteria, 12.97% were underweight, and 28.36% considered themselves a little bit fat or too fat, 14.57% were too thin. Bullying victimization was less common in older adolescent boys and girls. Weight status was associated with chronic bullying victimization (adjusted OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.05-1.16, = 0.002; adjusted OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.32-1.49, < 0.0001; adjusted OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.71-2.14, < 0.0001). Body self-image also related to chronic bullying victimization (adjusted OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.36-1.49, < 0.0001; adjusted OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.48-1.61, < 0.0001; adjusted OR = 3.30, 95% CI = 2.96-3.68, < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
Both perceived weight and self-rated overweight are associated with chronic bullying victimization. Both overweight and underweight children are at risk of being chronically bullied.
背景
儿童肥胖和校园欺凌是普遍存在的公共卫生问题，且已知在青少年中同时存在。然而，体重过轻或消瘦与长期遭受欺凌之间的关联尚不清楚。本研究调查了长期遭受欺凌是否与体重状况和身体自我形象有关。
方法
在北美和欧洲的39个国家和地区开展了一项基于学校的横断面研究。2009/10年，对总共213,595名11岁、13岁和15岁的青少年进行了调查。使用修订后的奥维斯欺凌/受害者问卷来确定长期遭受欺凌的情况。通过自我报告的身高和体重以及体重指数（BMI）来确定体重状况，身体自我形象基于对体重的感知。我们使用三级逻辑回归模型测试体重过轻与欺凌受害之间的关联。
结果
在调查的213,595名青少年中，11.28%的青少年报告长期遭受欺凌，14.80%根据年龄和性别特异性BMI标准被归类为超重/肥胖，12.97%体重过轻，28.36%认为自己有点胖或太胖，14.57%认为自己太瘦。欺凌受害在年龄较大的青少年男孩和女孩中不太常见。体重状况与长期遭受欺凌有关（调整后的OR = 1.10，95% CI = 1.05 - 1.16，P = 0.002；调整后的OR = 1.40，95% CI = 1.32 - 1.49，P < 0.0001；调整后的OR = 1.91，95% CI = 1.71 - 2.14，P < 0.0001）。身体自我形象也与长期遭受欺凌有关（调整后的OR = 1.42，95% CI = 1.36 - 1.49，P < 0.0001；调整后的OR = 1.54，95% CI = 1.48 - 1.61，P < 0.0001；调整后的OR = 3.30，95% CI = 2.96 - 3.68，P < 0.0001）。
结论
对体重的感知和自认为超重均与长期遭受欺凌有关。超重和体重过轻的儿童都有长期遭受欺凌的风险。
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