Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States.
Cognition. 2018 Apr;173:133-137. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2018.01.007.
How does the dynamic structure of the external world direct attention? We examined the relationship between event structure and attention to test the hypothesis that narrative shifts (both theoretical and perceived) negatively predict attentional lapses. Self-caught instances of mind wandering were collected while 108 participants watched a 32.5 min film called The Red Balloon. We used theoretical codings of situational change and human perceptions of event boundaries to predict mind wandering in 5-s intervals. Our findings suggest a temporal alignment between the structural dynamics of the film and mind wandering reports. Specifically, the number of situational changes and likelihood of perceiving event boundaries in the prior 0-15 s interval negatively predicted mind wandering net of low-level audiovisual features. Thus, mind wandering is less likely to occur when there is more event change, suggesting that narrative shifts keep attention from drifting inwards.
外部世界的动态结构如何引导注意力？我们研究了事件结构和注意力之间的关系，以检验一个假设，即叙事转变（理论上和感知上的）负预测注意力分散。在 108 名参与者观看了一部名为《红气球》的 32.5 分钟长的电影时，我们收集了自我捕捉到的思维漫游实例。我们使用情境变化的理论编码和人类对事件边界的感知来预测每 5 秒的思维漫游。我们的发现表明电影的结构动态和思维漫游报告之间存在时间上的一致性。具体来说，在前 0-15 秒间隔内的情境变化次数和感知事件边界的可能性负预测了思维漫游，这与低水平的视听特征无关。因此，当事件变化更多时，思维漫游不太可能发生，这表明叙事转变阻止了注意力向内漂移。
