Department of Psychology, Cornell University, 211 Uris Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
Behav Res Methods. 2023 Jan;55(1):428-447. doi: 10.3758/s13428-022-01832-5. Epub 2022 Apr 19.
People spontaneously divide everyday experience into smaller units (event segmentation). To measure event segmentation, studies typically ask participants to explicitly mark the boundaries between events as they watch a movie (segmentation task). Their data may then be used to infer how others are likely to segment the same movie. However, significant variability in performance across individuals could undermine the ability to generalize across groups, especially as more research moves online. To address this concern, we used several widely employed and novel measures to quantify segmentation agreement across different sized groups (n = 2-32) using data collected on different platforms and movie types (in-lab & commercial film vs. online & everyday activities). All measures captured nonrandom and video-specific boundaries, but with notable between-sample variability. Samples of 6-18 participants were required to reliably detect video-driven segmentation behavior within a single sample. As sample size increased, agreement values improved and eventually stabilized at comparable sample sizes for in-lab & commercial film data and online & everyday activities data. Stabilization occurred at smaller sample sizes when measures reflected (1) agreement between two groups versus agreement between an individual and group, and (2) boundary identification between small (fine-grained) rather than large (coarse-grained) events. These analyses inform the tailoring of sample sizes based on the comparison of interest, materials, and data collection platform. In addition to demonstrating the reliability of online and in-lab segmentation performance at moderate sample sizes, this study supports the use of segmentation data to infer when events are likely to be segmented.
人们会自发地将日常生活经验划分为更小的单元(事件分割)。为了衡量事件分割,研究人员通常会要求参与者在观看电影时明确标记事件之间的边界(分割任务)。然后,他们的数据可用于推断其他人可能如何分割同一部电影。然而,个体之间表现的显著差异可能会破坏跨群体推广的能力,尤其是随着越来越多的研究转向在线。为了解决这个问题,我们使用了几种广泛使用的新方法,通过在不同平台和电影类型(实验室和商业电影与在线和日常活动)上收集的数据,对不同大小的群体(n=2-32)的分割一致性进行量化。所有方法都捕捉到了非随机的、特定于视频的边界,但存在显著的样本间差异。需要 6-18 名参与者的样本才能在单个样本中可靠地检测到视频驱动的分割行为。随着样本量的增加,一致性值提高,并最终在实验室和商业电影数据以及在线和日常活动数据的可比样本大小上稳定下来。当衡量标准反映出(1)两个群体之间的一致性与个体与群体之间的一致性,以及(2)小(细粒度)事件与大(粗粒度)事件之间的边界识别时,样本大小的稳定性会在较小的样本量下发生。这些分析为根据比较对象、材料和数据收集平台来调整样本大小提供了信息。除了证明在线和实验室分割性能在中等样本量下的可靠性外,这项研究还支持使用分割数据来推断事件何时可能被分割。
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