Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear / Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Appl Ergon. 2018 Apr;68:28-41. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.10.016. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Emergency response organizations need to be resilient to cope with escalating events resulting from dynamic, unexpected, or complex situations. In Brazil, the Firefighter Corps are military hierarchal organizations with a culture based on fixed structures, well defined norms and procedures. These push against innovations which are necessary to be resilient. This research describes how firefighter captains in the 30-35-year age range managed an emergency response escalation in light of standard operating procedures (SOPs) during a training exercise. The study used ethnographic methods to find and discuss gaps between the instructions and the activities carried out during the exercise, highlighting the differences between work as done (WAD) and work as imagined (WAI), as it was instantiated in the SOP prescriptions. The aim was to produce reflections on WAI and WAD as a way to raise awareness of the need for a cultural change toward resilience in firefighter organizations. This was achieved through firefighter engagement with a comprehensive visualization of the analysis results which afforded easy interaction between the experts, the data, and the researchers.
应急响应组织需要具有弹性，以应对由动态、意外或复杂情况引起的不断升级的事件。在巴西，消防队是具有军事等级制度的组织，其文化基于固定的结构、明确的规范和程序。这些因素阻碍了创新，而创新对于具有弹性是必要的。本研究描述了 30-35 岁年龄段的消防队长如何在培训演习中根据标准操作程序 (SOP) 管理应急响应升级。该研究使用民族志方法来发现和讨论演习过程中指令与活动之间的差距，突出了工作实际情况 (WAD) 和工作想象情况 (WAI) 之间的差异，因为这在 SOP 规定中得到了体现。目的是反思 WAI 和 WAD，以提高对在消防组织中实现文化变革以提高弹性的认识。这是通过消防队员全面了解分析结果来实现的，这使得专家、数据和研究人员之间的互动变得更加容易。
