Neonatal Unit, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Faculté de médecine Lyon-Sud Charles Mérieux, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
Acta Paediatr. 2018 Jul;107(7):1145-1155. doi: 10.1111/apa.14259. Epub 2018 Mar 8.
There are no specific recommendations for using a mother's fresh milk for her preterm infant. We reviewed the available evidence on its collection, storage and administration.
The working group of the French Neonatal Society on fresh human milk use in preterm infants searched the MEDLINE database and Cochrane Library up to June 2017 for papers published in English or French. They specifically analysed 282 papers providing information on prospective, retrospective and clinical studies and examined guidelines from various countries.
The review concluded that fresh mother's own milk should be favoured in accordance with the latest recommendations. However, it must be carried out under stringent conditions so that the expected benefits are not offset by risks related to different practices. The working group has summarised the best conditions for feeding preterm infants with human milk, balancing high nutritional and immunological quality with adequate virological and bacteriological safety. Professionals must provide parents with the necessary conditions to establish breastfeeding, together with specific and strong support.
Based on their review, the working group has made specific recommendations for using fresh mother's own milk under careful conditions, so that the expected benefits are not offset by risks related to practices.
目前对于早产儿使用母亲新鲜奶尚无特定推荐意见。我们对其采集、储存和使用的现有证据进行了综述。
法国新生儿学会使用新鲜人乳工作组检索了 MEDLINE 数据库和 Cochrane 图书馆截至 2017 年 6 月发表的英文或法文文献，专门分析了提供前瞻性、回顾性和临床研究信息的 282 篇论文，并查阅了来自不同国家的指南。
综述得出结论，应根据最新推荐意见提倡使用母亲的新鲜奶。但必须在严格的条件下进行，以避免不同实践相关的风险抵消预期的益处。工作组总结了用人类母乳喂养早产儿的最佳条件，在兼顾高营养和免疫质量的同时确保足够的病毒学和细菌学安全性。专业人员必须为父母提供建立母乳喂养的必要条件，并提供具体而有力的支持。
基于该综述，工作组针对在谨慎条件下使用母亲的新鲜奶提出了具体建议，以避免不同实践相关的风险抵消预期的益处。
