de Waard Marita, Mank Elise, van Dijk Karin, Schoonderwoerd Anne, van Goudoever Johannes B
Department of Pediatrics, VU University Medical Center.
Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital-Academic Medical Center.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018 Mar;66(3):479-483. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001782.
When own mother's milk falls short, pasteurized human donor milk is recommended as alternative feeding for preterm infants. Donor milk has to meet the highest safety standards, but its processing and storage is expensive. The recommended storage time of pasteurized donor milk is 3 months. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the frozen storage time of pasteurized donor milk can be extended beyond 3 months without compromising its safety and quality.
For this prospective observational study breast milk samples of 34 unique women, collected between November 2014 and June 2015, were provided by the Dutch Human Milk Bank. Samples were Holder pasteurized within 3 months after expression and stored at -20°C. Analysis of both bacterial growth (by inoculation of milk on a blood and a cysteine-, lactose-, and electrolyte-deficient agar) and fat, crude protein, carbohydrate and energy content of milk (analyzed by infrared spectroscopy) was done monthly during the first 6 months and every 2 months thereafter, up to 1 year postpasteurization.
Thirty of 306 (9.8%) follow-up samples showed bacterial growth when cultured. None of the samples showed sequential contamination with the same strain up to 8 months of frozen storage. No significant decreases in macronutrients and energy content were observed over 8 months.
Pasteurized human donor milk can be stored safely for 8 months at -20°C, without compromising its macronutrient and energy content. This longer storage time will reduce disposal of expired donor milk and subsequently reduce costs.
当母亲自身的母乳不足时，建议将巴氏杀菌的人乳捐赠奶作为早产儿的替代喂养方式。捐赠奶必须符合最高安全标准，但其加工和储存成本高昂。巴氏杀菌捐赠奶的推荐储存时间为3个月。本研究的目的是确定巴氏杀菌捐赠奶的冷冻储存时间是否可以延长至3个月以上而不影响其安全性和质量。
在这项前瞻性观察研究中，荷兰母乳库提供了2014年11月至2015年6月期间收集的34名不同女性的母乳样本。样本在挤出后3个月内进行低温长时间巴氏杀菌，并储存在-20°C。在巴氏杀菌后的前6个月每月进行一次细菌生长分析（通过将牛奶接种在血琼脂和半胱氨酸、乳糖和电解质缺乏的琼脂上）以及牛奶的脂肪、粗蛋白、碳水化合物和能量含量分析（通过红外光谱法分析），此后每2个月进行一次，直至巴氏杀菌后1年。
在306份随访样本中，有30份（9.8%）培养时显示有细菌生长。在长达8个月的冷冻储存期间，没有样本显示被同一菌株连续污染。在8个月内未观察到大量营养素和能量含量有显著下降。
巴氏杀菌的人乳捐赠奶在-20°C下可安全储存8个月，而不影响其大量营养素和能量含量。这种更长的储存时间将减少过期捐赠奶的处理，从而降低成本。
