Lab3Bio (Laboratorio de Biomateriales, Biomecánica y Bioinstrumentación), Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, 25 de Mayo 1143, B1650HMK General San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB CABA, Argentina.
Lab3Bio (Laboratorio de Biomateriales, Biomecánica y Bioinstrumentación), Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, 25 de Mayo 1143, B1650HMK General San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Phytomedicine. 2018 Jan 1;38:57-65. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.09.024. Epub 2017 Oct 28.
Millions of people in the world suffer from chronic wounds of different etiologies such as diabetic foot and leg ulcers, without solutions nowadays. Molecules obtained from plants offer an alternative to aid wound healing. Strong evidence about essential oils (EO) anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties is thoroughly described in literature and their chemical compositions are well characterized. More recently, EO effects in experimental wounds have begun to be analyzed.
We aim to summarize the evidence of EO in experimental wounds, and the possibility of combining them with biopolymers commonly used in skin regeneration.
Electronic databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed and Scopus were used to search scientific contributions until March 2017, using relevant keywords. In a first step, literature focusing on EO and/or mono- or sesqui-terpenoids effects in rodent wounds was identified and summarized. In all cases, chemical structures and EO composition were detailed, as well as references to in vitro activities previously determined, e.g. antibacterial, antioxidant or anti-inflammatory. In a second step, scientific literature devoted to combine EO and biopolymers with the focus set on wound healing innovations, was collected and analyzed.
Treatments with EO from species of genders Lavandula, Croton, Blumea, Eucalyptus, Pinus, Cymbopogon, Eucalyptus, Cedrus, Abies, Rosmarinus, Origanum, Salvia and Plectranthus, have shown positive results in rodent wounds. All of these EO were mainly composed by monoterpenoids-thymol, 1,8-cineole, linalool-or monoterpenes, as limonene or pinenes. Experimental wounds in rodents have shown faster closure rate, better collagen deposition and/or enhanced fibroblasts proliferation. In blends with biopolymers, several EO combined with chitosan, alginate, gelatin or collagen, were processed to give active films or nanofibers, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory or antimicrobial activities. Curiously, all of these works were carried out since 2010.
There is significant evidence about the effectivity of EO as wound healers. The incorporation of EO into a polymer matrix that contributes to wound healing is still incipient. However, scientific based evidence of the EO incorporation in resorbable polymeric scaffolds was found and analyzed herein. In summary, EO-biopolymer dressings or scaffolds have become promising artifacts regarding wound treatments, especially in chronic wounds, where treating infection and inflammation are still important issues.
全世界数百万人患有不同病因的慢性伤口，例如糖尿病足和腿部溃疡，但目前尚无有效的治疗方法。从植物中提取的分子为伤口愈合提供了一种替代方法。文献中详细描述了精油（EO）具有抗炎和抗菌特性的有力证据，并且其化学成分也得到了很好的描述。最近，开始分析 EO 在实验性伤口中的作用。
我们旨在总结 EO 在实验性伤口中的作用，并探讨将其与皮肤再生中常用的生物聚合物结合的可能性。
使用 ScienceDirect、PubMed 和 Scopus 等电子数据库，使用相关关键字搜索科学文献，检索截至 2017 年 3 月的科学文献。在第一步中，确定并总结了专注于 EO 和/或单萜或倍半萜在啮齿动物伤口中的作用的文献。在所有情况下，都详细说明了化学结构和 EO 组成，并参考了先前确定的体外活性，例如抗菌、抗氧化或抗炎活性。在第二步中，收集并分析了专门研究将 EO 与生物聚合物结合以关注伤口愈合创新的科学文献。
使用薰衣草、巴豆、菊科、桉树、松树、香茅、桉树、雪松、冷杉、迷迭香、牛至、鼠尾草和银莲花属物种的 EO 治疗啮齿动物伤口，取得了积极的效果。所有这些 EO 主要由单萜类化合物（麝香草酚、1,8-桉树脑、芳樟醇）或单萜烯（例如柠檬烯或松油烯）组成。实验性啮齿动物伤口的愈合速度更快，胶原沉积更好，或成纤维细胞增殖增强。在与生物聚合物混合时，几种 EO 与壳聚糖、藻酸盐、明胶或胶原蛋白结合，被加工成具有抗氧化、抗炎或抗菌活性的活性膜或纳米纤维。有趣的是，所有这些工作都是自 2010 年以来进行的。
有大量证据表明 EO 作为伤口愈合剂的有效性。将 EO 掺入有助于伤口愈合的聚合物基质中仍处于初始阶段。然而，本文发现并分析了 EO 掺入可吸收聚合物支架中的基于科学的证据。总之，EO-生物聚合物敷料或支架在伤口治疗方面具有很大的潜力，特别是在慢性伤口方面，治疗感染和炎症仍然是重要的问题。
