Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Vienna A-2361, Austria; Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Jun 15;627:361-372. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.090. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
This study analyzes the influence of various fertilizer management practices on crop yield and soil organic carbon (SOC) based on the long-term field observations and modelling. Data covering 11 years from 8 long-term field trials were included, representing a range of typical soil, climate, and agro-ecosystems in China. The process-based model EPIC (Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model) was used to simulate the response of crop yield and SOC to various fertilization regimes. The results showed that the yield and SOC under additional manure application treatment were the highest while the yield under control treatment was the lowest (30%-50% of NPK yield) at all sites. The SOC in northern sites appeared more dynamic than that in southern sites. The variance partitioning analysis (VPA) showed more variance of crop yield could be explained by the fertilization factor (42%), including synthetic nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) fertilizers, and fertilizer NPK combined with manure. The interactive influence of soil (total N, P, K, and available N, P, K) and climate factors (mean annual temperature and precipitation) determine the largest part of the SOC variance (32%). EPIC performs well in simulating both the dynamics of crop yield (NRMSE = 32% and 31% for yield calibration and validation) and SOC (NRMSE = 13% and 19% for SOC calibration and validation) under diverse fertilization practices in China. EPIC can assist in predicting the impacts of different fertilization regimes on crop growth and soil carbon dynamics, and contribute to the optimization of fertilizer management for different areas in China.
本研究基于长期田间观测和模型模拟，分析了不同肥料管理措施对作物产量和土壤有机碳（SOC）的影响。研究数据涵盖了 8 个长期田间试验的 11 年数据，代表了中国一系列典型的土壤、气候和农业生态系统。该研究采用基于过程的 EPIC（Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model）模型来模拟作物产量和 SOC 对各种施肥制度的响应。结果表明，在所有试验点，与对照处理相比，额外施用有机肥处理的作物产量和 SOC 最高（NPK 产量的 30%-50%），而对照处理的作物产量最低。北方试验点的 SOC 比南方试验点更具动态性。方差分解分析（VPA）表明，施肥因子（42%），包括合成氮肥（N）、磷肥（P）、钾肥（K）和化肥 NPK 与有机肥的结合，可以更好地解释作物产量的变化。土壤（总 N、P、K 和有效 N、P、K）和气候因素（年平均温度和降水）的交互影响决定了 SOC 变化的最大部分（32%）。EPIC 在模拟不同施肥措施下的作物产量动态（产量校准和验证的 NRMSE 分别为 32%和 31%）和 SOC（SOC 校准和验证的 NRMSE 分别为 13%和 19%）方面表现良好。EPIC 可以帮助预测不同施肥制度对作物生长和土壤碳动态的影响，为中国不同地区的肥料管理优化提供支持。
