Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Connecting Health Innovations, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 May-Jun;6(3):834-841.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.12.029. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
A proinflammatory diet may increase allergic airway inflammation by affecting innate and adaptive immune responses.
In this study, we examine the relation between the diet's inflammatory potential, measured by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and current asthma, current wheeze, and lung function in U.S. children and adults.
We analyzed data from 8,175 children (aged 6-17 years) and 22,294 adults (aged 18-79 years) who participated in the 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The DII was calculated by nutrient intake based on 24-hour dietary recalls, and normalized as per 1,000 calories of food consumed to account for total energy intake. Multivariable regression models were used for the analysis of the DII and current asthma, current wheeze, and lung function measures.
Higher DII (a proinflammatory diet) was associated with current wheeze among adults (eg, odds ratio [OR] for quartile 4 vs 1, OR = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17-1.70; P < .01) and among children with high fractional exhaled nitric oxide (a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation; OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.13-5.02; P = .05). The DII also was associated with decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity in adults without asthma or wheezing. The DII was not associated with lung function in children or current asthma in either age group.
Our findings suggest that a proinflammatory diet, assessed by the DII, increases the odds of current wheeze in adults and children with allergic (atopic) wheeze. These results further support testing dietary interventions as part of the management of asthma.
促炎饮食可能通过影响先天和适应性免疫反应来增加过敏性气道炎症。
本研究旨在检测饮食炎症指数（DII）与美国儿童和成人当前哮喘、当前喘息和肺功能之间的关系。DII 通过基于 24 小时膳食回忆的营养素摄入来计算，并根据消耗的 1000 卡路里食物进行归一化，以考虑总能量摄入。
我们分析了参加 2007-2012 年全国健康和营养调查的 8175 名儿童（6-17 岁）和 22294 名成年人（18-79 岁）的数据。DII 通过基于 24 小时膳食回忆的营养素摄入计算，并根据消耗的 1000 卡路里食物进行归一化，以考虑总能量摄入。采用多变量回归模型分析 DII 与当前哮喘、当前喘息和肺功能指标的关系。
较高的 DII（促炎饮食）与成年人当前喘息相关（例如，四分位 4 与 1 相比，OR=1.41，95%置信区间 [CI]1.17-1.70；P<.01），与高呼出气一氧化氮分数（一种嗜酸性气道炎症标志物）的儿童相关（OR=2.38，95%CI1.13-5.02；P=0.05）。DII 也与无哮喘或喘息的成年人的 1 秒用力呼气量和用力肺活量降低相关。DII 与儿童的肺功能或两个年龄组的当前哮喘均无关。
我们的研究结果表明，DII 评估的促炎饮食会增加有过敏性（特应性）喘息的成年人和儿童当前喘息的几率。这些结果进一步支持了作为哮喘管理一部分的饮食干预措施的测试。
