Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2018 Apr;93(4):419-428. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.11.024. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
To examine the associations of resistance exercise, independent of and combined with aerobic exercise, with the risk of development of hypercholesterolemia in men.
This study used data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, which is a cohort examining the associations of clinical and lifestyle factors with the development of chronic diseases and mortality. Participants received extensive preventive medical examinations at the Cooper Clinic in Dallas, Texas, between January 1, 1987, and December 31, 2006. A total of 7317 men aged 18 to 83 years (mean age, 46 years) without hypercholesterolemia at baseline were included. Frequency (times per week) and total amount (min/wk) of resistance and aerobic exercise were determined by self-report. Hypercholesterolemia was defined as a total cholesterol level of 240 mg/dL or higher or physician diagnosis.
During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 4 (2 to 7) years, hypercholesterolemia developed in 1430 of the 7317 men (20%). Individuals meeting the resistance exercise guidelines (≥2 d/wk) had a 13% lower risk of development of hypercholesterolemia (hazard ratio [HR], 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-0.99; P=.04) after adjustment for general characteristics, lifestyle factors, and aerobic exercise. In addition, less than 1 h/wk and 2 sessions per week of resistance exercise were associated with 32% and 31% lower risks of hypercholesterolemia (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54-0.86; P=.001; and HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.54-0.88; P=.003), respectively, compared with no resistance exercise. Higher levels of resistance exercise did not provide benefits. Meeting both resistance and aerobic exercise guidelines (≥500 metabolic equivalent task min/wk) lowered the risk of development of hypercholesterolemia by 21% (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68-0.91; P=.002). compared with meeting none of the guidelines.
Compared with no resistance exercise, less than 1 h/wk of resistance exercise, independent of aerobic exercise, is associated with a significantly lower risk of development of hypercholesterolemia in men (P=.001). However, the lowest risk of hypercholesterolemia was found at 58 min/wk of resistance exercise. This finding suggests that resistance exercise should be encouraged to prevent hypercholesterolemia in men. However, future studies with a more rigorous analysis including major potential confounders (eg, diet, medications) are warranted.
研究与有氧运动独立或联合的抗阻运动与男性发生高胆固醇血症风险之间的关联。
本研究使用了来自有氧运动中心纵向研究的数据，该研究是一项队列研究，旨在探讨临床和生活方式因素与慢性病和死亡率发生发展的关联。参与者于 1987 年 1 月 1 日至 2006 年 12 月 31 日期间在德克萨斯州达拉斯的库珀诊所接受了广泛的预防医学检查。共纳入 7317 名年龄在 18 至 83 岁（平均年龄 46 岁）、基线时无高胆固醇血症的男性。抗阻和有氧运动的频率（每周次数）和总量（min/周）通过自我报告确定。高胆固醇血症定义为总胆固醇水平≥240mg/dL 或更高，或经医生诊断。
在中位（四分位距）4（2 至 7）年的随访期间，7317 名男性中有 1430 名（20%）发生了高胆固醇血症。与不符合抗阻运动指南（<2 次/周）的男性相比，符合抗阻运动指南（≥2 次/周）的男性发生高胆固醇血症的风险降低 13%（风险比[HR]，0.87；95%置信区间[CI]，0.76-0.99；P=.04），校正一般特征、生活方式因素和有氧运动后。此外，每周进行不到 1 小时和 2 次/周的抗阻运动与发生高胆固醇血症的风险分别降低 32%（HR，0.68；95%CI，0.54-0.86；P=.001）和 31%（HR，0.69；95%CI，0.54-0.88；P=.003），与不进行抗阻运动相比。更高水平的抗阻运动并不能带来益处。同时符合抗阻和有氧运动指南（≥500 代谢当量任务 min/周）可使发生高胆固醇血症的风险降低 21%（HR，0.79；95%CI，0.68-0.91；P=.002），与不符合任何指南相比。
与不进行抗阻运动相比，每周进行不到 1 小时的抗阻运动，与有氧运动无关，与男性发生高胆固醇血症的风险显著降低相关（P=.001）。然而，在每周进行 58 分钟的抗阻运动时，高胆固醇血症的风险最低。这一发现表明，应该鼓励进行抗阻运动以预防男性高胆固醇血症。然而，未来的研究需要更严格的分析，包括主要的潜在混杂因素（例如，饮食、药物）。
