Reedijk Marije, Lenters Virissa, Slottje Pauline, Pijpe Anouk, Peeters Petra H, Korevaar Joke C, Bueno-de-Mesquita Bas, Verschuren W M Monique, Verheij Robert A, Pieterson Inka, van Leeuwen Flora E, Rookus Matti A, Kromhout Hans, Vermeulen Roel C H
Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
BMJ Open. 2018 Feb 3;8(2):e018504. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018504.
LIFEWORK is a large federated prospective cohort established in the Netherlands to quantify the health effects of occupational and environmental exposures. This cohort is also the Dutch contribution to the international Cohort Study of Mobile Phone Use and Health (COSMOS). In this paper, we describe the study design, ongoing data collection, baseline characteristics of participants and the repeatability of key questionnaire items.
88 466 participants were enrolled in three cohort studies in 2011-2012. Exposure information was collected by a harmonised core questionnaire, or modelled based on occupational and residential histories; domains include air pollution (eg, nitrogen dioxide (NO), particulate matter with diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM)), noise, electromagnetic fields (EMF), mobile phone use, shift work and occupational chemical exposures. Chronic and subacute health outcomes are assessed by self-report and through linkage with health registries.
Participants had a median age of 51 years at baseline (range 19-87), and the majority are female (90%), with nurses being over-represented. Median exposure levels of NO, PM, EMF from base stations and noise at the participants' home addresses at baseline were 22.9 µg/m, 16.6 µg/m, 0.003 mWm and 53.1 dB, respectively. Twenty-two per cent of participants reported to have started using a mobile phone more than 10 years prior to baseline. Repeatability for self-reported exposures was moderate to high (weighted kappa range: 0.69-1) for a subset of participants (n=237) who completed the questionnaire twice.
We are actively and passively observing participants; we plan to administer a follow-up questionnaire every 4-5 years-the first follow-up will be completed in 2018-and linkage to cause-of-death and cancer registries occurs on a (bi)annual basis. This prospective cohort offers a unique, large and rich resource for research on contemporary occupational and environmental health risks and will contribute to the large international COSMOS study on mobile phone use and health.
LIFEWORK是在荷兰建立的一个大型联合前瞻性队列，用于量化职业和环境暴露对健康的影响。该队列也是荷兰对国际手机使用与健康队列研究（COSMOS）的贡献。在本文中，我们描述了研究设计、正在进行的数据收集、参与者的基线特征以及关键问卷项目的可重复性。
2011年至2012年，88466名参与者被纳入三项队列研究。暴露信息通过统一的核心问卷收集，或根据职业和居住史进行建模；领域包括空气污染（如二氧化氮（NO）、直径≤2.5微米的颗粒物（PM））、噪音、电磁场（EMF）、手机使用、轮班工作和职业化学暴露。慢性和亚急性健康结果通过自我报告以及与健康登记处的关联来评估。
参与者基线时的年龄中位数为51岁（范围19 - 87岁），大多数为女性（90%），护士占比过高。基线时参与者家庭住址处的NO、PM、基站EMF和噪音的暴露水平中位数分别为22.9微克/立方米、16.6微克/立方米、0.003毫瓦/平方米和53.1分贝。22%的参与者报告在基线前10多年就开始使用手机。对于完成问卷两次的一部分参与者（n = 237），自我报告暴露的可重复性为中到高（加权kappa范围：0.69 - 1）。
我们正在对参与者进行主动和被动观察；我们计划每4 - 5年发放一份随访问卷——第一次随访将于2018年完成——并且每年（或每两年）与死因和癌症登记处进行关联。这个前瞻性队列提供了一个独特、庞大且丰富的资源，用于研究当代职业和环境健康风险，并将为关于手机使用与健康问题的大型国际COSMOS研究做出贡献。
