Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Environ Res. 2018 May;163:307-313. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.020. Epub 2018 Feb 9.
This study extends the investigation of the legacy effects of exposure to a single radiation dose at one of four early life stages, in adult rainbow trout (Part A), by examining the effects of a second identical dose after one year; i.e. egg 48 h after fertilisation (48 h egg) + 1 year, eyed egg + 1 year, yolk sac larvae (YSL) + 1 year and first feeder + 1 year. This included the induction of a bystander effect in non-irradiated trout which had swam with the irradiated fish. The second radiation dose negated any beneficial proteomic responses following early life stage irradiation only, particularly irradiation of 48 h eggs and eyed eggs (Part A). Instead the responses after early life stage + 1 year irradiation are consistently associated with tumorigenesis, cancer progression, or are otherwise damaging: upregulation of alpha-globin 1 (YSL + 1 year and first feeders + 1 year) and downregulation of histone H1, type II keratin, malate dehydrogenase 2-2, Na/K ATPase alpha subunit isoform 1b, nucleoside diphosphate kinase (48 h egg + 1 year), electron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha (eyed egg + 1 year), 60 S ribosomal protein L30 (YSL + 1 year) and haemoglobin subunit beta-4 (first feeder + 1 year). Most significantly the second radiation dose also negated the overwhelmingly beneficial bystander effect proteomic responses induced by trout irradiated at an early life stage only (Part A). Instead the bystander effect proteomic changes induced by trout irradiated at an early life stage and again at 1 year have been associated with uncertain, with respect to tumorigenesis, or detrimental effects; upregulation of alpha-globin 1 (YSL + 1 year and first feeder + 1 year) and downregulation of malate dehydrogenase 2-2, nucleoside diphosphate kinase (48 h egg + 1 year), transferrin precursor (eyed egg + 1 year), 60 S ribosomal protein L30 (YSL + 1 year) and serine / threonine-protein phosphatase 2 A 65 kDa (first feeder + 1 year). This difference between the bystander effect induced proteomic changes following early life stage irradiation only and early life stage + 1 year irradiation may indicate a fundamental change in the non-targeted effects of radiation following multiple exposure to radiation.
本研究通过检查一年后第二次相同剂量的影响，扩展了对单一辐射剂量在四个早期生命阶段之一暴露的遗传效应的研究，即在受精后 48 小时的卵（48 小时卵）+1 年、眼卵+1 年、卵黄囊幼虫（YSL）+1 年和第一饲料器+1 年。这包括诱导非照射鳟鱼中的旁观者效应，这些鳟鱼与照射鱼一起游泳。第二次辐射剂量仅否定了早期生命阶段照射后的任何有益的蛋白质组学反应，特别是对 48 小时卵和眼卵的照射（A 部分）。相反，早期生命阶段+1 年后照射后的反应始终与肿瘤发生、癌症进展相关，或者否则是有害的：α-球蛋白 1 的上调（YSL+1 年和第一饲料器+1 年）和组蛋白 H1、II 型角蛋白、苹果酸脱氢酶 2-2、Na/K ATPase α亚基同工型 1b、核苷二磷酸激酶（48 小时卵+1 年）、电子转移黄素蛋白亚基 α（眼卵+1 年）、60S 核糖体蛋白 L30（YSL+1 年）和血红蛋白亚基β-4（第一饲料器+1 年）。最重要的是，第二次辐射剂量也否定了仅在早期生命阶段照射的鳟鱼诱导的压倒性有益的旁观者效应蛋白质组学反应（A 部分）。相反，早期生命阶段和 1 年后再次照射的鳟鱼诱导的旁观者效应蛋白质组学变化与肿瘤发生相关的不确定性，或者具有有害影响；α-球蛋白 1 的上调（YSL+1 年和第一饲料器+1 年）和苹果酸脱氢酶 2-2、核苷二磷酸激酶（48 小时卵+1 年）、转铁蛋白前体（眼卵+1 年）、60S 核糖体蛋白 L30（YSL+1 年）和丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白磷酸酶 2A 65kDa（第一饲料器+1 年）的下调。这种仅在早期生命阶段照射后诱导的旁观者效应蛋白质组学变化与早期生命阶段+1 年后照射之间的差异可能表明多次接受辐射后辐射的非靶向效应发生了根本变化。
