De Cramer K G M, Nöthling J O
Department of Production Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Theriogenology. 2018 Jun;113:50-55. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.02.005. Epub 2018 Feb 10.
Correct assessment of readiness for cesarean section is essential for timing elective cesarean section during late pregnancy in the bitch. In humans, biparietal diameter is sufficiently precise and accurate and used in a clinical setting daily. The objectives of this study were to determine whether fetal biparietal diameter in late gestation in the dog could be used to predict readiness for cesarean section by having reached a minimum cut-off value and to correlate the biparietal diameter to birth weight. The biparietal diameter of 208 puppies in 34 litters from 31 English bulldog bitches and 660 puppies in 78 litters from 70 Boerboel bitches were measured immediately after delivery by cesarean section, performed at full term, using digital calipers. At the same time the birth weight of the same 208 English bulldog puppies and 494 of the same Boerboel puppies in 59 litters from 54 bitches was measured by means of an electronic scale. With a cesarean section, all the puppies in a litter are delivered simultaneously and readiness for cesarean section must be determined for a litter. The minimum, median and maximum biparietal diameter varied from 21.1 to 47.8, 32.9 to 50.0 and 34.2-58.2 mm, respectively, among English bulldog litters and from 18.4 to 48.7, 35.5 to 49.7 and 39.8-54.3 mm among Boerboel litters. This large variation suggests that biparietal diameter is too variable within and among litters to be useful as a means of determining readiness for cesarean section.
正确评估剖宫产的时机对于母犬妊娠晚期择期剖宫产的时间安排至关重要。在人类中，双顶径足够精确且准确，并且每天都在临床环境中使用。本研究的目的是确定犬妊娠晚期胎儿双顶径达到最小临界值时是否可用于预测剖宫产的时机，并将双顶径与出生体重相关联。通过剖宫产在足月时对31只英国斗牛犬母犬的34窝中的208只幼犬和70只布尔博尔犬母犬的78窝中的660只幼犬进行分娩后，立即使用数字卡尺测量其双顶径。同时，使用电子秤测量来自54只母犬的59窝中相同的208只英国斗牛犬幼犬和494只相同的布尔博尔犬幼犬的出生体重。通过剖宫产，一窝中的所有幼犬同时分娩，必须确定一窝幼犬剖宫产的时机。英国斗牛犬幼犬窝中，双顶径的最小值、中位数和最大值分别在21.1至47.8、32.9至50.0和34.2 - 58.2毫米之间变化，布尔博尔犬幼犬窝中分别在18.4至48.7、35.5至49.7和39.8 - 54.3毫米之间变化。这种较大的差异表明，双顶径在窝内和窝间变化太大，无法作为确定剖宫产时机的有用方法。
