Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, University College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Helicobacter. 2018 Apr;23(2):e12471. doi: 10.1111/hel.12471. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
For controlling Helicobacter pylori infection in humans, its environmental reservoir should be determined. In this study, yeast isolates from an isolated village in Iran were studied for the intracellular occurrence of H. pylori.
In this study, yeasts were isolated from 29 samples, including oral swabs from villagers (n = 7), flowers and fruits (n = 6), honey and honeybees (n = 12) and miscellaneous samples (4). Yeasts were classified into 12 RFLP groups and identified by amplification of 26S rDNA and sequencing. DNA extracted from the yeast cells was examined for the presence of H. pylori using PCR.
Of the 29 yeasts, 27 were members of different genera of Ascomycete. H. pylori was detected in 5 of 9 Candida (55.5%), 4 of 5 Komagataella (80%), 3 of 4 Pichia (100%), 2 of 2 Cytobasidia (100%), 2 of 2 Hansenia (100%), 1 of 1 Meyerozyma (100%) and 2 of 3 not sequenced (66.6%) yeasts. Distribution of 19 of 29 (65.5%) H. pylori-positive yeasts within 4 groups was as follows: 1 of 7(14.3%) in oral swabs, 5 of 6 (83.3%) in flowers and fruits, 10 of 12 (83.3%) in honey and the bee group and 3 of 4 (75%) in miscellaneous.
Different genera of osmotolerant yeasts from flowers, fruits, honey, and honeybees contained H. pylori in their vacuole. High frequency of H. pylori-positive yeasts in these samples might be related to their high sugar content. Insects such as honeybees that facilitate transfer and easy access of these yeasts to nectars serve as the main reservoirs of these yeasts, playing an important role in their protection and dispersal. Accordingly, H. pylori inside these yeasts can be carried by honeybees to different sugar- and nutrient-rich environments. Sugar-rich environments and honeybees play an important role in distribution of H. pylori-positive yeasts in nature.
为了控制人类幽门螺杆菌感染，应确定其环境储库。在这项研究中，研究了伊朗一个孤立村庄的酵母分离株，以研究其细胞内是否存在幽门螺杆菌。
在这项研究中，从 29 个样本中分离出酵母，包括村民的口腔拭子（n=7）、花朵和果实（n=6）、蜂蜜和蜜蜂（n=12）以及杂样样本（n=4）。酵母分为 12 个 RFLP 组，并通过扩增 26S rDNA 和测序进行鉴定。从酵母细胞中提取的 DNA 使用 PCR 检查是否存在幽门螺杆菌。
在 29 株酵母中，27 株为子囊菌门不同属的成员。在 9 株假丝酵母（55.5%）、5 株 Komagataella（80%）、4 株毕赤酵母（100%）、2 株 Cytobasidia（100%）、2 株 Hansenia（100%）、1 株 Meyerozyma（100%）和 2 株未测序（66.6%）酵母中检测到幽门螺杆菌。29 株幽门螺杆菌阳性酵母中的 19 株（65.5%）分布如下：口腔拭子 7 株（14.3%）、花朵和果实 6 株（83.3%）、蜂蜜和蜜蜂组 12 株（83.3%）、杂样组 4 株（75%）。
花朵、果实、蜂蜜和蜜蜂中的不同耐渗酵母属含有其空泡内的幽门螺杆菌。这些样本中幽门螺杆菌阳性酵母的高频率可能与其高糖含量有关。蜂蜜等昆虫促进了这些酵母的转移，并使其更容易接触花蜜，它们是这些酵母的主要储存库，在保护和传播中发挥着重要作用。因此，这些酵母内的幽门螺杆菌可以被蜜蜂携带到不同的含糖和营养丰富的环境中。富含糖的环境和蜜蜂在自然界中幽门螺杆菌阳性酵母的分布中起着重要作用。
