1Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health,Soochow University,Suzhou,215123,People's Republic of China.
2Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health,National University of Singapore,Singapore 117549,Singapore.
Br J Nutr. 2018 May;119(9):1057-1067. doi: 10.1017/S0007114518000119. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
Several previous prospective studies suggest that consumption of green leafy and cruciferous vegetables may lower the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated the association between consumption of different types of vegetables in relation to T2D risk in an Asian Population. We included 45 411 participants (age range: 45-74 years) of the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS) free of diabetes, cancer or CVD at baseline (1993-1998). Dietary information was collected using a validated FFQ. Physician-diagnosed incident diabetes was reported at follow-up I (1999-2004) and II (2006-2010) interviews. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % CI of T2D risk. An updated meta-analysis was also conducted to summarise results for green leafy and cruciferous vegetables. During 494 741 person-years of follow-up, 5207 incident T2D occurred. After adjustment for potential confounders, neither total vegetables (top v. bottom quintile HR=1·08; 95 % CI 0·98, 1·18, P trend=0·66) nor specific vegetables including dark green leafy vegetables (HR=1·05; 95 % CI 0·96, 1·15, P trend=0·21) and cruciferous vegetables (HR=0·97; 95 % CI 0·88, 1·06, P trend=0·29) were substantially associated with risk of T2D. A meta-analysis (eleven studies with 754 729 participants and 58 297 cases) including the SCHS and all previous prospective studies suggested borderline significant inverse associations between green leafy (summary relative risk (RR)=0·91; 95 % CI 0·84, 1·00) and cruciferous vegetable consumption (RR=0·87; 95 % CI 0·76, 1·00) and T2D risk, with moderate-to-high heterogeneity. In conclusion, green leafy or cruciferous vegetable consumption was not substantially associated with risk of T2D in an Asian population. Meta-analysis of available cohort data indicated that evidence for a beneficial effect of green leafy or cruciferous vegetable consumption on T2D risk is not convincing.
几项先前的前瞻性研究表明，食用绿叶蔬菜和十字花科蔬菜可能降低 2 型糖尿病（T2D）的风险。我们在亚洲人群中调查了不同类型蔬菜的摄入与 T2D 风险之间的关系。我们纳入了新加坡华人健康研究（SCHS）中的 45411 名参与者（年龄范围：45-74 岁），这些参与者在基线时无糖尿病、癌症或 CVD（1993-1998 年）。使用经过验证的 FFQ 收集饮食信息。在随访 I（1999-2004 年）和 II（2006-2010 年）访谈中报告了经医生诊断的新发糖尿病。使用 Cox 比例风险回归估计 T2D 风险的危险比（HR）和 95%置信区间。还进行了更新的荟萃分析，以总结绿叶蔬菜和十字花科蔬菜的结果。在 494741 人年的随访期间，发生了 5207 例 T2D 事件。在调整了潜在混杂因素后，总蔬菜（最高五分位数与最低五分位数 HR=1·08；95%CI 0·98，1·18，P 趋势=0·66）或特定蔬菜（包括深绿叶蔬菜 HR=1·05；95%CI 0·96，1·15，P 趋势=0·21）和十字花科蔬菜 HR=0·97；95%CI 0·88，1·06，P 趋势=0·29）与 T2D 风险均无显著关联。一项荟萃分析（包括 SCHS 和所有先前前瞻性研究的 11 项研究，共 754729 名参与者和 58297 例病例）表明，绿叶蔬菜（汇总相对风险（RR）=0·91；95%CI 0·84，1·00）和十字花科蔬菜消费（RR=0·87；95%CI 0·76，1·00）与 T2D 风险呈边缘显著负相关，异质性较大。总之，在亚洲人群中，绿叶蔬菜或十字花科蔬菜的摄入与 T2D 风险无显著关联。对现有队列数据的荟萃分析表明，绿叶蔬菜或十字花科蔬菜摄入对 T2D 风险有益的证据并不令人信服。
