McGlumphy Kellye C, Shaver Erika R, Ajibewa Tiwaloluwa A, Hasson Rebecca E
School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Correspondence Dr Hasson.
Am J Health Behav. 2018 Mar 1;42(2):93-105. doi: 10.5993/AJHB.42.2.9.
The purpose of this study was to examine cross-sectional relationships of psychological stress, stress coping, and minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in Amer- ican-American (AA) boys and girls.
A community-based sample of 139 AA adolescents (mean age 14.7 years; SD = 1.8 years; 64.7% girls; 30% obese) from Washtenaw County, Michigan was included in this analysis. Psychological stress was assessed using the Daily Stress Inventory and the Perceived Stress Scale. Coping strategies were evaluated using the Schoolager's Coping Strategies questionnaire. Physical activity was measured objectively via accelerometry.
Compared to boys, girls participated in approximately 13 fewer minutes of MVPA (p < .001) per day and reported significantly higher levels of daily stress (p = .03) and perceived stress (p < .001). In addition, girls reported using a greater number of coping strategies (p = .01) at a greater frequency (p = .04) compared to boys. However, perceived stress significantly predicted lower levels of MVPA (p = .03) in boys only.
There are important gender differences in how AA girls perceive, experience, and cope with stress compared to AA boys. Although AA girls reported higher levels of stress and employed more coping strategies, perceived stress was associated with physical inactivity in AA boys, but not girls. Additional research is warranted to better understand the influence of stress on the choice to be physically active in AA youth.
本研究旨在探讨美国非裔（AA）男孩和女孩心理压力、压力应对方式与中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）分钟数之间的横断面关系。
本分析纳入了来自密歇根州沃什特瑙县的139名非裔青少年（平均年龄14.7岁；标准差=1.8岁；64.7%为女孩；30%肥胖）的社区样本。使用每日压力量表和感知压力量表评估心理压力。使用学龄儿童应对策略问卷评估应对策略。通过加速度计客观测量身体活动。
与男孩相比，女孩每天的中度至剧烈身体活动时间约少13分钟（p<.001），且报告的每日压力水平（p=.03）和感知压力水平显著更高（p<.001）。此外，与男孩相比，女孩报告使用的应对策略数量更多（p=.01），使用频率更高（p=.04）。然而，仅在男孩中，感知压力显著预测了较低的中度至剧烈身体活动水平（p=.03）。
与非裔男孩相比，非裔女孩在感知、体验和应对压力方面存在重要的性别差异。尽管非裔女孩报告的压力水平更高且采用了更多应对策略，但感知压力与非裔男孩的身体不活动有关，而与女孩无关。有必要进行更多研究，以更好地了解压力对非裔青少年选择进行身体活动的影响。
