School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Department of Kinesiology & Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 29;19(7):4032. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074032.
Physical activity (PA) has been identified as a promising intervention to improve executive function (EF) and reduce ADHD symptoms in children. Few African American children with ADHD and Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBDs) from families with low incomes are represented in this literature. The purpose of this study is to test the relationships between PA and sedentary time (ST), and EF and academic skills among African American children with ADHD and DBD from low-income families.
Children ( = 23, 6-13 years old) wore an ActiGraph for one week to measure PA and ST. EF was measured through parent report and direct neuropsychological tests. Academic skills were measured with the Curriculum-Based Measurement System. Bivariate correlations tested relationships between PA, ST, EF, and academic skills.
A significant correlation was observed between vigorous PA time and parent reported EF ( = -0.46, = 0.040). Light PA and moderate PA were not related to EF or academic skills, and neither was ST.
Vigorous PA may prove useful as an adjunct treatment to improve EF in African American children with ADHD and DBD in low-income neighborhoods. Research using experimental and longitudinal designs, and examining qualitative features of PA experiences, will be critical for understanding relationships between PA, academic skills, and EF in this population.
身体活动 (PA) 已被确定为一种很有前途的干预措施，可以改善执行功能 (EF) 并减少儿童多动症的症状。在这项文献中，很少有来自低收入家庭的患有注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 和破坏性行为障碍 (DBD) 的非裔美国儿童。本研究的目的是检验 PA 和久坐时间 (ST) 与 EF 以及来自低收入家庭的患有 ADHD 和 DBD 的非裔美国儿童的学业技能之间的关系。
儿童（n=23，6-13 岁）佩戴 ActiGraph 一周以测量 PA 和 ST。EF 通过父母报告和直接神经心理学测试进行测量。学业技能通过基于课程的测量系统进行测量。双变量相关性检验了 PA、ST、EF 和学业技能之间的关系。
观察到剧烈 PA 时间与父母报告的 EF 呈显著相关（r=-0.46，p=0.040）。轻度 PA 和中度 PA 与 EF 或学业技能无关，ST 也无关。
剧烈 PA 可能被证明是一种有用的辅助治疗方法，可以改善低收入社区中非裔美国 ADHD 和 DBD 儿童的 EF。使用实验和纵向设计的研究，并检查 PA 经验的定性特征，对于理解该人群中 PA、学业技能和 EF 之间的关系至关重要。
