Chair of Wastewater Engineering, Institute IWAR, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2018 Apr;50:214-221. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.01.013. Epub 2018 Feb 17.
Twenty years ago, mainstream partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) was conceptually proposed as pivotal for a more sustainable treatment of municipal wastewater. Its economic potential spurred research, yet practice awaits a comprehensive recipe for microbial resource management. Implementing mainstream PN/A requires transferable and operable ways to steer microbial competition as to meet discharge requirements on a year-round basis at satisfactory conversion rates. In essence, the competition for nitrogen, organic carbon and oxygen is grouped into 'ON/OFF' (suppression/promotion) and 'IN/OUT' (wash-out/retention and seeding) strategies, selecting for desirable conversions and microbes. Some insights need mechanistic understanding, while empirical observations suffice elsewhere. The provided methodological R&D framework integrates insights in engineering, microbiome and modeling. Such synergism should catalyze the implementation of energy-positive sewage treatment.
二十年前，主流部分亚硝化/厌氧氨氧化（PN/A）作为一种更可持续的城市污水处理方法被首次提出。其经济潜力刺激了相关研究，但实际应用仍需要一个全面的微生物资源管理方案。实现主流 PN/A 需要可转移和可操作的方法来引导微生物竞争，以满足全年排放要求，并保持令人满意的转化率。从本质上讲，氮、有机碳和氧的竞争可以分为“开/关”（抑制/促进）和“进/出”（冲洗/保留和接种）策略，从而选择理想的转化和微生物。一些见解需要机械理解，而其他地方则可以通过经验观察来满足。所提供的方法学研发框架整合了工程学、微生物组和建模方面的见解。这种协同作用应该会促进实现能源正收益的污水处理。
