Sangwan Vinod K, Hersam Mark C
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA; email:
Department of Chemistry and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
Annu Rev Phys Chem. 2018 Apr 20;69:299-325. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-050317-021353. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have captured the attention of the scientific community due to the wide range of unique properties at nanometer-scale thicknesses. While significant exploratory research in 2D materials has been achieved, the understanding of 2D electronic transport and carrier dynamics remains in a nascent stage. Furthermore, because prior review articles have provided general overviews of 2D materials or specifically focused on charge transport in graphene, here we instead highlight charge transport mechanisms in post-graphene 2D materials, with particular emphasis on transition metal dichalcogenides and black phosphorus. For these systems, we delineate the intricacies of electronic transport, including band structure control with thickness and external fields, valley polarization, scattering mechanisms, electrical contacts, and doping. In addition, electronic interactions between 2D materials are considered in the form of van der Waals heterojunctions and composite films. This review concludes with a perspective on the most promising future directions in this fast-evolving field.
二维（2D）材料因其在纳米级厚度下具有广泛的独特性质而引起了科学界的关注。虽然在二维材料方面已经取得了大量的探索性研究成果，但对二维电子输运和载流子动力学的理解仍处于起步阶段。此外，由于先前的综述文章已经对二维材料进行了全面概述，或者特别关注了石墨烯中的电荷输运，因此在这里我们将重点介绍后石墨烯二维材料中的电荷输运机制，尤其侧重于过渡金属二硫属化物和黑磷。对于这些体系，我们阐述了电子输运的复杂性，包括厚度和外场对能带结构的控制、能谷极化、散射机制、电接触和掺杂。此外，二维材料之间的电子相互作用以范德华异质结和复合薄膜的形式进行了探讨。本综述最后展望了这个快速发展领域中最有前景的未来方向。
