Young A W, Ellis A W, Flude B M, McWeeny K H, Hay D C
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1986 Nov;12(4):466-75. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.12.4.466.
Interference effects between the processing of simultaneously presented photographs of faces of familiar people and printed names of familiar people were investigated. Printed names interfered with identifying faces, whereas faces did not interfere with saying printed names (Experiments 1 and 3). In contrast, faces interfered more with name categorization than names interfered with face categorization (Experiments 2 and 4). Despite a priori reasons as to why faces might be thought to possess functional properties different from those of other visual objects, the observed effects are comparable to those found in object-word interference studies, with photographs of faces behaving like pictures of objects and printed people's names behaving like printed names of objects. In face naming tasks, the presence of related names produced more interference than did the presence of unrelated names (Experiment 1). This effect was examined in greater detail in Experiment 3, where we found that the effect arises when the face and the name belong to people of similar appearance. An effect of common category membership was not found in Experiment 3. Experiment 5, however, showed that names of people highly associated with the person whose face is presented also produce more interference than do names of unrelated people.
研究了同时呈现熟悉人物的面部照片和熟悉人物的印刷姓名时，两者加工过程中的干扰效应。印刷姓名会干扰对面部的识别，而面部不会干扰说出印刷姓名（实验1和实验3）。相比之下，面部对姓名分类的干扰比对面部分类的干扰更大（实验2和实验4）。尽管有先验理由认为面部可能具有与其他视觉对象不同的功能特性，但观察到的效应与在对象-单词干扰研究中发现的效应相当，面部照片的表现类似于对象图片，印刷的人名表现类似于对象的印刷名称。在面部命名任务中，相关姓名的存在比不相关姓名的存在产生更多干扰（实验1）。在实验3中对这种效应进行了更详细的研究，我们发现当面部和姓名属于外貌相似的人时会产生这种效应。在实验3中未发现共同类别成员的效应。然而，实验5表明，与呈现面部的人高度相关的人的姓名也比不相关的人的姓名产生更多干扰。
