a Dalla Lana School of Public Health , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.
b Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.
Glob Public Health. 2019 Jun-Jul;14(6-7):817-834. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2018.1439517. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
Latin American social medicine efforts are typically understood as national endeavours, involving health workers, policymakers, academics, social movements, unions, and left-wing political parties, among other domestic actors. But Latin America's social medicine trajectory has also encompassed considerable between-country solidarity, building on early twentieth century interchanges among a range of players who shared approaches for improving living and working conditions and instituting protective social policies. Since the 1960s, Cuba's country-to-country solidarity has stood out, comprising medic exchanges, training, and other forms of support for the health and social struggles of oppressed peoples throughout Latin America and around the world, recently via Misión Barrio Adentro in Venezuela. These efforts strive for social justice-oriented health cooperation based on horizontal power relations, shared political values, a commitment to social and economic redistribution, bona fide equity, and an understanding of the societal determination of health that includes, but goes well beyond, public health and medical care. With Latin America's left-wing surge now receding, this article traces the provenance, dynamics, impact, challenges, and legacy of health solidarity across Latin American borders and its prospects for continuity.
拉丁美洲的社会医学工作通常被理解为国家层面的努力，涉及卫生工作者、政策制定者、学者、社会运动、工会和左翼政党等国内行为者。但拉丁美洲的社会医学发展轨迹也包含了相当多的国家间团结，这是建立在 20 世纪早期一系列参与者之间的交流基础上的，这些参与者分享了改善生活和工作条件以及实施保护性社会政策的方法。自 20 世纪 60 年代以来，古巴的国家间团结引人注目，包括医疗交流、培训和其他形式的支持，为拉丁美洲和世界各地受压迫人民的健康和社会斗争提供支持，最近通过委内瑞拉的“巴里奥阿德尔托使命”提供支持。这些努力旨在基于横向权力关系、共同的政治价值观、对社会和经济再分配的承诺、真正的公平以及对健康的社会决定因素的理解，开展以社会正义为导向的卫生合作，其中包括但不限于公共卫生和医疗保健。随着拉丁美洲左翼浪潮的消退，本文追溯了跨越拉丁美洲边界的卫生团结的起源、动态、影响、挑战和遗产，以及其延续的前景。
