《党派大脑：基于身份认同的政治信仰模式》
The Partisan Brain: An Identity-Based Model of Political Belief.
机构信息
Social Perception and Evaluation Laboratory, New York University, NY 10003, USA.
Social Perception and Evaluation Laboratory, New York University, NY 10003, USA; Social and Organizational Psychology Institute, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Trends Cogn Sci. 2018 Mar;22(3):213-224. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2018.01.004. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
Democracies assume accurate knowledge by the populace, but the human attraction to fake and untrustworthy news poses a serious problem for healthy democratic functioning. We articulate why and how identification with political parties - known as partisanship - can bias information processing in the human brain. There is extensive evidence that people engage in motivated political reasoning, but recent research suggests that partisanship can alter memory, implicit evaluation, and even perceptual judgments. We propose an identity-based model of belief for understanding the influence of partisanship on these cognitive processes. This framework helps to explain why people place party loyalty over policy, and even over truth. Finally, we discuss strategies for de-biasing information processing to help to create a shared reality across partisan divides.
民主制度假设民众拥有准确的知识，但人类对虚假和不可信新闻的吸引力，给健康的民主运作带来了严重问题。我们阐述了为什么以及如何认同政党（即党派偏见）会影响人类大脑的信息处理。有大量证据表明，人们会进行有动机的政治推理，但最近的研究表明，党派偏见会改变记忆、内隐评价，甚至知觉判断。我们提出了一种基于身份的信仰模型，用于理解党派偏见对这些认知过程的影响。这个框架有助于解释为什么人们会将党派忠诚置于政策甚至真理之上。最后，我们讨论了消除信息处理偏差的策略，以帮助在党派分歧中创造共同的现实。
Zotero 插件