Dogan Fırat, Dorttas Selvi Deniz, Bilge Dagalp Seval, Ataseven Veysel Soydal, Alkan Feray
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
Arch Virol. 2018 Jun;163(6):1635-1642. doi: 10.1007/s00705-018-3781-2. Epub 2018 Mar 3.
Papillomaviruses (PVs) are epitheliotropic viruses that cause benign proliferative lesions in the skin (warts or papillomas) and mucous membranes of their natural hosts. Recently, new PVs have been found in many animal species. The most common current approach for identifying novel PV types is based on PCR, using various consensus or degenerated primer (broad-range primers), designed on the basis of the multiple alignment of nucleotide or amino acid sequences of a large number of different human papillomaviruses (HPV). PVs have been classified according to the sequence similarity of one of their capsid proteins, L1, without taking into account other regions of the genome and without considering the phenotypic characteristics of the viral infection. In this study, we performed molecular detection and typing of a PV in a goat with teat papillomatosis. Firstly, PCR was performed using the FAP59/FAP64 and MY09/MY11 primer pairs for the L1 gene region. The PV DNA was found to be positive only with the FAP59/FAP64 primer pair. PV DNA was then tested with three primer sets in four different combinations (L2Bf/FAP64, L2Bf/L1Br, FAP59/FAP64, L1Bf/LCRBr) for the gene region encoding the L1, L2 and LCR proteins. The goat teat papilloma sample was amplified using FAP59/FAP64 primers and two primer pairs (L2Bf/FAP64 and L2Bf/L1Br). We obtained products matching approximately 604 bp of the L1 region of the virus. PV DNA was used for typing using sequence analysis/PCR with some type-specific primers for bovids, caprids and cervids. The results of the sequence analysis suggested one new putative PV type with sequence identity ranging from 46.45 to 80.09% to other known papillomaviruses, including Capra hircus papillomavirus (ChPV-2), bovine papillomavirus (BPV) 6, 7, 10, 11 and 12, Rangifer tarandus papillomavirus 3 (RtPV-3) and BPV-7Z (Alpine wild ruminant papillomavirus; Cervus elaphus papillomavirus). We therefore propose that this is the first identification of a new putative type, MG523274 (HTY-goat-TR2016), in a goat with teat papillomatosis. It is essential to identify PV types in different animal species and investigate their prevalence/distribution and clinical consequences in order to develop appropriate prophylactic and/or therapeutic procedures and to determine the interspecies transmission potential and evolution of PVs.
乳头瘤病毒（PVs）是嗜上皮性病毒，可在其天然宿主的皮肤（疣或乳头瘤）和黏膜中引起良性增殖性病变。最近，在许多动物物种中发现了新的PVs。目前鉴定新型PV类型最常用的方法是基于PCR，使用各种基于大量不同人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）核苷酸或氨基酸序列多重比对设计的共有或简并引物（广谱引物）。PVs已根据其一种衣壳蛋白L1的序列相似性进行分类，未考虑基因组的其他区域，也未考虑病毒感染的表型特征。在本研究中，我们对一只患有乳头瘤病的山羊中的PV进行了分子检测和分型。首先，使用针对L1基因区域的FAP59/FAP64和MY09/MY11引物对进行PCR。发现仅用FAP59/FAP64引物对时PV DNA呈阳性。然后用四组不同组合的三组引物（L2Bf/FAP64、L2Bf/L1Br、FAP59/FAP64、L1Bf/LCRBr）检测编码L1、L2和LCR蛋白的基因区域的PV DNA。使用FAP59/FAP64引物和两组引物对（L2Bf/FAP64和L2Bf/L1Br）扩增山羊乳头瘤样本。我们获得了与该病毒L1区域约604 bp匹配的产物。使用针对牛科动物、山羊科动物和鹿科动物的一些型特异性引物，通过序列分析/PCR对PV DNA进行分型。序列分析结果表明，有一种新的假定PV类型，其与其他已知乳头瘤病毒的序列同一性在46.45%至80.09%之间，包括山羊乳头瘤病毒（ChPV - 2）、牛乳头瘤病毒（BPV）6、7、10、11和12、驯鹿乳头瘤病毒3（RtPV - 3）和BPV - 7Z（高山野生反刍动物乳头瘤病毒；马鹿乳头瘤病毒）。因此，我们提出这是首次在患有乳头瘤病的山羊中鉴定出一种新的假定类型MG523274（HTY - goat - TR2016）。为了制定适当的预防和/或治疗程序，并确定PVs的种间传播潜力和进化，鉴定不同动物物种中的PV类型并调查其流行情况/分布及临床后果至关重要。
