The PLA Key Laboratory of Biological Effect and Medical Protection on Naval Vessel Special Environment, Naval Medical Research Institute, Shanghai, 200433, China.
College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
Mil Med Res. 2017 Oct 27;4(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s40779-017-0143-4.
Wounded personnel who work at sea often encounter a plethora of difficulties. The most important of these difficulties is seawater immersion. Common medical dressings have little effect when the affected area is immersed in seawater, and only rarely dressings have been reported for the treatment of seawater-immersed wounds. The objective of this study is to develop a new dressing which should be suitable to prevent the wound from seawater immersion and to promote the wound healing.
Shark skin collagen (SSC) was purified via ethanol de-sugaring and de-pigmentation and adjusted for pH. A shark skin collagen sponge (SSCS) was prepared by freeze-drying. SSCS was attached to an anti-seawater immersion polyurethane (PU) film (SSCS + PU) to compose a new dressing. The biochemical properties of SSC and physicochemical properties of SSCS were assessed by standard methods. The effects of SSCS and SSCS + PU on the healing of seawater-immersed wounds were studied using a seawater immersion rat model. For the detection of SSCS effects on seawater-immersed wounds, 12 SD rats, with four wounds created in each rat, were divided into four groups: the 3rd day group, 5th day group, 7th day group and 12th day group. In each group, six wounds were treated with SSCS, three wounds treated with chitosan served as the positive control, and three wounds treated with gauze served as the negative control. For the detection of the SSCS + PU effects on seawater-immersed wounds, 36 SD rats were divided into three groups: the gauze (GZ) + PU group, chitosan (CS) + PU group and SSCS + PU group, with 12 rats in each group, and two wounds in each rat. The wound sizes were measured to calculate the healing rate, and histomorphology and the immunohistochemistry of the CD31 and TGF-β expression levels in the wounded tissues were measured by standard methods.
The results of Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrum, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, circular dichroism (CD) spectra, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and amino acid composition analyses of SSC demonstrated that SSC is type I collagen. SSCS had a homogeneous porous structure of approximately 200 μm, porosity rate of 83.57% ± 2.64%, water vapor transmission ratio (WVTR) of 4500 g/m, tensile strength of 1.79 ± 0.41 N/mm, and elongation at break of 4.52% ± 0.01%. SSCS had significant beneficial effects on seawater-immersed wound healing. On the 3rd day, the healing rates in the GZ negative control, CS positive control and SSCS rats were 13.94% ± 5.50%, 29.40% ± 1.10% and 47.24% ± 8.40%, respectively. SSCS also enhanced TGF-β and CD31 expression in the initial stage of the healing period. The SSCS + PU dressing effectively protected wounds from seawater immersion for at least 4 h, and accelerated re-epithelialization, vascularization and granulation formation of seawater-immersed wounds in the earlier stages of wound healing, and as well as significantly promoted wound healing. The SSCS + PU dressing also enhanced expression of TGF-β and CD31. The effects of SSCS and SSCS + PU were superior to those of both the chitosan and gauze dressings.
SSCS has significant positive effects on the promotion of seawater-immersed wound healing, and a SSCS + PU dressing effectively prevents seawater immersion, and significantly promotes seawater-immersed wound healing.
在海上工作的伤员经常会遇到很多困难。其中最重要的困难是海水浸泡。当受伤部位浸泡在海水中时，普通的医用敷料几乎没有效果，只有少数敷料被报道用于治疗海水浸泡伤口。本研究的目的是开发一种新的敷料，这种敷料应该能够防止伤口被海水浸泡，并促进伤口愈合。
通过乙醇去糖和去色素处理纯化鲨鱼皮胶原蛋白（SSC），并调整其 pH 值。通过冷冻干燥制备鲨鱼皮胶原蛋白海绵（SSCS）。将 SSCS 附着在抗海水浸泡的聚氨酯（PU）膜上（SSCS+PU），构成一种新的敷料。通过标准方法评估 SSC 的生化特性和 SSCS 的物理化学特性。使用海水浸泡大鼠模型研究 SSCS 和 SSCS+PU 对海水浸泡伤口愈合的影响。为了检测 SSCS 对海水浸泡伤口的影响，将 12 只 SD 大鼠分为 4 组，每组 4 只，每只大鼠有 4 个伤口。每组中，6 个伤口用 SSCS 处理，3 个伤口用壳聚糖作为阳性对照，3 个伤口用纱布作为阴性对照。为了检测 SSCS+PU 对海水浸泡伤口的影响，将 36 只 SD 大鼠分为 3 组：纱布（GZ）+PU 组、壳聚糖（CS）+PU 组和 SSCS+PU 组，每组 12 只，每只大鼠有 2 个伤口。通过标准方法测量伤口大小，计算愈合率，并测量受伤组织中 CD31 和 TGF-β 表达水平的组织形态学和免疫组织化学。
SSC 的紫外可见（UV-vis）光谱、傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱、圆二色（CD）光谱、十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）和氨基酸组成分析结果表明，SSC 是 I 型胶原蛋白。SSCS 具有约 200μm 的均匀多孔结构，孔隙率为 83.57%±2.64%，水蒸气传输率（WVTR）为 4500g/m，拉伸强度为 1.79±0.41N/mm，断裂伸长率为 4.52%±0.01%。SSCS 对海水浸泡伤口愈合有显著的有益作用。在第 3 天，GZ 阴性对照、CS 阳性对照和 SSCS 大鼠的愈合率分别为 13.94%±5.50%、29.40%±1.10%和 47.24%±8.40%。SSCS 还在愈合早期增强了 TGF-β和 CD31 的表达。SSCS+PU 敷料能有效防止伤口被海水浸泡至少 4 小时，并能加速海水浸泡伤口在愈合早期的再上皮化、血管化和肉芽形成，显著促进伤口愈合。SSCS+PU 敷料还增强了 TGF-β和 CD31 的表达。SSCS 和 SSCS+PU 的效果优于壳聚糖和纱布敷料。
SSCS 对促进海水浸泡伤口愈合有显著的积极作用，SSCS+PU 敷料能有效防止海水浸泡，显著促进海水浸泡伤口愈合。
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