Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China.
Nanotechnology. 2018 Jun 1;29(22):222001. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/aab3f0. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
Black phosphorus (BP), emerging as a new member of two-dimensional nanomaterials, has attracted growing research interests for its amazing photoelectric properties and promising application in electronic devices. Recently, BP has been confirmed to be a desirable candidate for phototherapy against cancer, including photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy. By regulating the number of layers, the bandgap of BP nanosheets (NSs) can be finely tuned to present near infrared light triggered phototherapeutic behaviors. Furthermore, the exfoliated nano-sized BP also exhibits excellent tumor-targeting property as a nanomedicine via the enhanced permeability and retention effect. With biodegradable nature and outstanding therapeutic performance, BP is highly expected to be developed as novel anti-cancer agents as well as a potential carrier for advanced cancer theranostics. In this review, on the basis of summarizing the recent advances of BP in biomedical applications, the size and layer effects of BP on its targeting effect and phototherapeutic performance are discussed. Then, the rationally designed multifunctional nanoplatforms based on BP are introduced. And, the remaining challenges and prospects of nano-BP for clinic applications against cancer are discussed and outlooked.
黑磷（BP）作为二维纳米材料家族的新成员，其优异的光电性能和在电子器件中应用的广阔前景，引起了越来越多的研究兴趣。最近，BP 已被证实是癌症光疗的理想候选材料，包括光热疗法和光动力疗法。通过调控层数，可以精细调节 BP 纳米片（NSs）的带隙，以呈现近红外光触发的光疗行为。此外，剥离得到的纳米级 BP 还具有通过增强的通透性和保留效应作为纳米药物表现出优异的肿瘤靶向性。由于具有生物可降解性和卓越的治疗性能，BP 有望作为新型抗癌药物以及先进癌症治疗的潜在载体得到开发。在本文中，在总结 BP 在生物医学应用方面的最新进展的基础上，讨论了 BP 的尺寸和层数效应对其靶向效果和光疗性能的影响。然后，介绍了基于 BP 的合理设计的多功能纳米平台。最后，讨论并展望了纳米 BP 在癌症临床应用中面临的挑战和前景。
