探索近红外吸收纳米载体以克服癌症耐药性。

Chu Siwei, Stochaj Ursula

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal H3G1Y6, Quebec, Canada.

Cancer Drug Resist. 2020 Jul 2;3(3):302-333. doi: 10.20517/cdr.2020.20. eCollection 2020.

One of the major obstacles of successful cancer therapy is cancer drug resistance. The unique tools and applications developed by nanomedicine provide new approaches to surmount this common limitation of current treatment regimens. Nanocarriers that absorb light in the near-infrared spectrum are particularly suitable for this purpose. These nanocarriers can produce heat, release drugs or stimulate the production of physiologically relevant compounds when illuminated with near-infrared light. The current review summarizes the causes contributing to cancer multidrug resistance. The major types of nanocarriers that have been developed in recent years to overcome these hurdles are described. We focus on nanoparticles that are responsive to near-infrared light and suitable to surmount cancer multidrug resistance. Our review concludes with the bottlenecks that currently restrict the use of nanocarriers in the clinic and an outlook on future directions.

癌症治疗成功的主要障碍之一是癌症耐药性。纳米医学开发的独特工具和应用为克服当前治疗方案的这一常见局限性提供了新方法。吸收近红外光谱光的纳米载体特别适合此目的。这些纳米载体在受到近红外光照射时会产生热量、释放药物或刺激生理相关化合物的产生。本综述总结了导致癌症多药耐药的原因。描述了近年来为克服这些障碍而开发的主要类型的纳米载体。我们重点关注对近红外光有响应且适合克服癌症多药耐药性的纳米颗粒。我们的综述最后阐述了目前限制纳米载体在临床应用的瓶颈以及对未来方向的展望。