a Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Nikaia , Greece.
b Graduate Program in Physical Education , Catholic University of Brasília , Brazil.
Res Sports Med. 2018 Jul-Sep;26(3):332-344. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2018.1447471. Epub 2018 Mar 6.
In open-water swimming events with non-elite swimmers held in the USA, but not in Europe, women were faster than men. We examined the sex difference in elite long-distance open-water swimming races and the role of nationality by investigating 7,468 swimmers competing in 5 km, 10 km and 25 km FINA races held between 2000 and 2016. More men participated in 10 km and 25 km than in 5km races. Men were faster than women and the sex difference was similar in all race distances. Swimming speed was faster for 5km than for 10km, which in turn was faster than 25km. There was a major effect of nationality on swimming speed at 5 km and 10 km, but not at 25km. No dominance of a particular nationality was observed for all race distances. In summary, men were faster than women in all FINA race distances from 5km to 25km but nationality played no role in the sex difference.
在美国举行的公开水域非精英游泳赛事中，女性比男性游得更快，但在欧洲并非如此。我们通过调查 2000 年至 2016 年间参加 5 公里、10 公里和 25 公里国际泳联比赛的 7468 名游泳运动员，研究了精英长距离公开水域游泳比赛中的性别差异以及国籍的作用。与 5 公里比赛相比，更多的男性参加了 10 公里和 25 公里比赛。男性比女性游得快，而且在所有比赛距离上的性别差异都相似。5 公里比赛的游泳速度比 10 公里比赛快，而 10 公里比赛的游泳速度又比 25 公里比赛快。国籍对 5 公里和 10 公里的游泳速度有重要影响，但对 25 公里的游泳速度没有影响。在所有比赛距离上，没有观察到任何一个特定国籍的主导地位。总之，在从 5 公里到 25 公里的所有国际泳联比赛距离上，男性都比女性游得快，但国籍在性别差异中没有作用。
