Department of Materials Engineering and Production, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Mar 6;19(3):743. doi: 10.3390/ijms19030743.
Metallic biomaterials in the oral cavity are exposed to many factors such as saliva, bacterial microflora, food, temperature fluctuations, and mechanical forces. Extreme conditions present in the oral cavity affect biomaterial exploitation and significantly reduce its biofunctionality, limiting the time of exploitation stability. We mainly refer to friction, corrosion, and biocorrosion processes. Saliva plays an important role and is responsible for lubrication and biofilm formation as a transporter of nutrients for microorganisms. The presence of metallic elements in the oral cavity may lead to the formation of electro-galvanic cells and, as a result, may induce corrosion. Transitional microorganisms such as sulfate-reducing bacteria may also be present among the metabolic microflora in the oral cavity, which can induce biological corrosion. Microorganisms that form a biofilm locally change the conditions on the surface of biomaterials and contribute to the intensification of the biocorrosion processes. These processes may enhance allergy to metals, inflammation, or cancer development. On the other hand, the presence of saliva and biofilm may significantly reduce friction and wear on enamel as well as on biomaterials. This work summarizes data on the influence of saliva and oral biofilms on the destruction of metallic biomaterials.
口腔中的金属生物材料会受到许多因素的影响，如唾液、细菌菌群、食物、温度波动和机械力。口腔中存在的极端条件会影响生物材料的利用，并显著降低其生物功能性，从而限制其利用稳定性的时间。我们主要提到摩擦、腐蚀和生物腐蚀过程。唾液起着重要的作用，它负责润滑和生物膜的形成，同时作为微生物的营养物质的运输者。口腔中存在金属元素可能会导致形成电偶电池，从而可能引起腐蚀。代谢微生物群落中也可能存在过渡微生物，如硫酸盐还原菌，它们可能会引起生物腐蚀。局部形成生物膜的微生物会改变生物材料表面的条件，并促使生物腐蚀过程加剧。这些过程可能会增强对金属的过敏、炎症或癌症的发展。另一方面，唾液和生物膜的存在可能会显著减少牙釉质和生物材料的摩擦和磨损。本文总结了唾液和口腔生物膜对金属生物材料破坏的影响数据。
