Department of Ophthalmology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
PLoS One. 2018 Mar 6;13(3):e0193663. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193663. eCollection 2018.
To determine whether foveal light and dark adaptation are affected in glaucoma.
Case-control study with 23 glaucoma patients and 51 controls. Light and dark adaptation were measured twice. After 10 minutes pre-adaptation to 0.0032 cd/m2, the background luminance increased stepwise to 320 (5 log unit step) or 10,000 cd/m2 (6.5 log unit step) for 10 minutes, then it decreased back to 0.0032 cd/m2 for 30 minutes. Foveal contrast sensitivity [CS]) as a function of time was determined using a 1.15 degree increment. Time resolution of the experiments was 30 seconds. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the effect of glaucoma on the CS plateau and adaptation time (time to reach the plateau minus 3 dB); analyses were adjusted for age and gender.
After light adaptation to 320 and 10,000 cd/m2, glaucoma patients had a 0.22 (P<0.001) and 0.13 (P = 0.010) log unit lower CS plateau than controls, respectively. After dark adaptation, this difference was 0.21 (P = 0.018) and 0.30 (P<0.001) log unit, respectively. Light adaptation occurred too fast to determine an accurate light adaptation time. Dark adaptation times of glaucoma patients and controls were similar, for both the 5 (7.2 versus 5.5 minutes; P = 0.10) and the 6.5 (18.2 versus 16.6 minutes; P = 0.14) log unit step.
After a sudden increase or decrease in luminance, the logCS adaptation curves of glaucoma patients are shifted downwards compared to the curves of healthy subjects. Glaucoma patients have a lower CS plateau than healthy subjects, for both light and dark adaptation; dark adaptation times are similar.
为了确定青光眼是否会影响中央凹的明适应和暗适应。
病例对照研究，纳入 23 名青光眼患者和 51 名对照者。明适应和暗适应分别测量两次。在 0.0032 cd/m2 预适应 10 分钟后，背景亮度以 320（5 个对数单位步长）或 10,000 cd/m2（6.5 个对数单位步长）的步长逐步增加 10 分钟，然后降低回 0.0032 cd/m2 30 分钟。使用 1.15 度增量确定中央凹对比敏感度（CS）随时间的变化。实验的时间分辨率为 30 秒。使用多元线性回归分析青光眼对 CS 平台和适应时间（达到平台所需的时间减去 3 dB）的影响；分析调整了年龄和性别。
在 320 cd/m2 和 10,000 cd/m2 的明适应后，青光眼患者的 CS 平台分别比对照组低 0.22（P<0.001）和 0.13（P = 0.010）个对数单位。暗适应后，差异分别为 0.21（P = 0.018）和 0.30（P<0.001）个对数单位。明适应发生得太快，无法确定准确的明适应时间。青光眼患者和对照组的暗适应时间相似，对于 5（7.2 与 5.5 分钟；P = 0.10）和 6.5（18.2 与 16.6 分钟；P = 0.14）个对数单位步长，暗适应时间相似。
在亮度突然增加或减少后，与健康受试者相比，青光眼患者的 logCS 适应曲线向下移动。青光眼患者的 CS 平台比健康受试者低，无论是明适应还是暗适应；暗适应时间相似。
