Fernandez-Jaen A, Martin Fernandez-Mayoralas D, Fernandez-Perrone A L, Jimenez A, Albert J, Lopez-Martin S, Calleja-Perez B, Tirado P, Lopez-Arribas S
Hospital Quiron, Pozuelo de Alarcon, Espana.
Complejo Hospitalario Ruber, Madrid, Espana.
Rev Neurol. 2018 Mar 1;66(S01):S103-S107.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders. Other neurodevelopmental disorders may appear as a comorbidity or mimicking ADHD itself.
This study reviews the high prevalence of other neurodevelopmental disorders (specific learning difficulties, communication disorders, etc.) in patients with ADHD. Moreover, the possible differential diagnoses include the same neurodevelopmental disorders that can occur as a comorbidity. Based on the literature, the study evaluates the role of clinical evaluation and neuropsychology in distinguishing between comorbidity and mimicry.
The clinical evaluation could be insufficient for the comorbid diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders. In these cases, a neuropsychological evaluation is generally required, since it can also offer alternative diagnostic hypotheses about the symptoms observed and may therefore be a valuable aid for the differential diagnosis.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是最常见的神经发育障碍之一。其他神经发育障碍可能作为共病出现，或表现类似ADHD本身。
本研究回顾了ADHD患者中其他神经发育障碍（特定学习困难、沟通障碍等）的高患病率。此外，可能的鉴别诊断包括可作为共病出现的相同神经发育障碍。基于文献，本研究评估了临床评估和神经心理学在区分共病和类似情况中的作用。
临床评估对于神经发育障碍的共病诊断可能不足。在这些情况下，通常需要进行神经心理学评估，因为它还可以为观察到的症状提供替代诊断假设，因此可能是鉴别诊断的宝贵辅助手段。
