Dang Irene, Gautreau Alexis
Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, BIOC-CNRS UMR7654, Palaiseau, France.
Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1749:1-9. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7701-7_1.
Cell migration is essential to many biological processes such as embryonic development, immune surveillance and wound healing. Random cell migration refers to the intrinsic ability of cells to migrate, often called cell motility. This basal condition contrasts with directed cell migration, where cells migrate toward a chemical or physical cue. Unlike Brownian particles, however, randomly migrating cells exhibit a directional persistence, i.e., they are more likely to sustain the movement in the direction they previously took than to change, even if this direction is randomly chosen in an isotropic environment. Here we describe how to set up time-lapse recording of mammalian cells freely moving on a two-dimensional surface coated with extracellular matrix proteins, how to acquire single cell trajectories from movies and how to extract key parameters that characterize cell motility, such as cell speed, directionality, mean square displacement, and directional persistence.
细胞迁移对于许多生物学过程至关重要，如胚胎发育、免疫监视和伤口愈合。随机细胞迁移是指细胞迁移的内在能力，通常称为细胞运动性。这种基础状态与定向细胞迁移形成对比，在定向细胞迁移中，细胞朝着化学或物理信号迁移。然而，与布朗粒子不同，随机迁移的细胞表现出方向持续性，即它们更有可能维持之前所采取方向的运动，而不是改变方向，即使这个方向是在各向同性环境中随机选择的。在这里，我们描述了如何对在涂有细胞外基质蛋白的二维表面上自由移动的哺乳动物细胞进行延时记录，如何从电影中获取单个细胞轨迹，以及如何提取表征细胞运动性的关键参数，如细胞速度、方向性、均方位移和方向持续性。
