George Manju, Maheshwari Shreemit, Chandran Suhas, Rao Suman S, Shivanand Manohar J, Sathyanarayana Rao T S
Department of Psychiatry, J.S.S Medical College and Hospital, J.S.S University, Mysore, India.
Department of Psychiatry, Vydehi Institue of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, India.
Indian J Psychiatry. 2018 Feb;60(Suppl 4):S510-S513. doi: 10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_38_18.
Addiction is the term employed not only for excess consumption of substances, but also for problem behaviours like eating disorders, pathological gambling, computer addiction and pathological preoccupation with video games and sexual acts. No clear diagnostic criterion has been established with validity for behavioral addictions. Sexual addiction, including addiction to pornography is not included as a separate entity because of a lack of strong empirical evidence in this area. Different scales can be used for assessment of sexual addiction. Since there is an absence of established diagnostic criteria, the significance of validity of these scales is doubted. Several of the questions in these scales do not yield information about whether the diagnostic criteria are met or not. Pharmacotherapy, together with psychotherapy proves to have a better outcome in such patients as it helps to synthesize the role of developmental antecedents, reduce current anxiety, depression, guilt and to improve social adjustment.
成瘾这个术语不仅用于指物质的过度消费,还用于指诸如饮食失调、病理性赌博、计算机成瘾以及对电子游戏和性行为的病理性沉迷等问题行为。目前尚未确立针对行为成瘾的具有效度的明确诊断标准。包括对色情内容成瘾在内的性成瘾,由于该领域缺乏有力的实证证据,未被列为一个单独的实体。可以使用不同的量表来评估性成瘾。由于缺乏既定的诊断标准,这些量表效度的意义受到质疑。这些量表中的一些问题无法提供关于是否符合诊断标准的信息。药物治疗与心理治疗相结合,在这类患者中被证明有更好的效果,因为它有助于综合发展前期因素的作用,减轻当前的焦虑、抑郁、内疚感,并改善社会适应能力。