INAIL, Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00040, Monteporzio Catone (RM), Italy.
Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy.
Accid Anal Prev. 2018 Jun;115:25-33. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.03.008. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
Use of mobile phones while driving is known to cause crashes with possible fatalities. Different habits of mobile phone use might be distracting forces and display differential impacts on accident risk; the assessment of the relative importance is relevant to implement prevention, mitigation, and control measures. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the use of mobile phones at population level and road crash fatalities in large urban areas. Data on road crashes with fatalities were collected from seven Italian metropolitan areas and matched in time and space with high resolution mobile phone traffic volume data about calls, texts, Internet connections and upload/download data. A case-crossover study design was applied to estimate the relative risks of road accident for increases in each type of mobile phone traffic volumes in underlying population present in the small areas where accidents occurred. Effect modification was evaluated by weekday/weekend, hour of the day, meteorological conditions, and street densities. Positive associations between road crashes rates and the number of calls, texts, and Internet connections were found, with incremental risks of 17.2% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 7.7, 27.6), 8.4% (CI 0.7, 16.8), and 54.6% (CI 34.0, 78.5) per increases (at 15 min intervals) of 5 calls/100 people, 3 text/100 people, and 40 connections/100 people, respectively. Small differences across cities were detected. Working days, nighttime and morning hours were associated with greater phone use and more road accidents. The relationship between mobile phone use and road fatalities at population level is strong. Strict controls on cellular phone in the vehicle may results in a large health benefit.
在驾驶时使用手机已被证实会导致撞车事故，甚至可能造成致命后果。不同的手机使用习惯可能是分散注意力的因素，并对事故风险产生不同的影响；评估相对重要性对于实施预防、减轻和控制措施是相关的。本研究旨在评估在人口层面上使用手机与大城市地区道路碰撞死亡事故之间的关系。从意大利七个大都市区收集了与致命性道路碰撞相关的数据，并在时间和空间上与关于通话、短信、互联网连接和上传/下载数据的高分辨率移动电话交通量数据相匹配。应用病例交叉研究设计来估计在基础人群中每个类型的移动电话交通量增加时，发生事故的小区域中存在的人口道路事故的相对风险。通过工作日/周末、一天中的小时、气象条件和街道密度来评估效应修饰。发现道路碰撞率与通话次数、短信数量和互联网连接数量之间存在正相关关系，通话次数、短信数量和互联网连接数量每增加 5 次/100 人、3 条短信/100 人、40 次连接/100 人，道路碰撞风险分别增加 17.2%（95%置信区间 [CI] 7.7, 27.6）、8.4%（CI 0.7, 16.8）和 54.6%（CI 34.0, 78.5）。还在不同城市之间检测到了细微的差异。工作日、夜间和清晨时段与更多的手机使用和更多的道路事故相关。移动电话使用与人口层面上的道路死亡事故之间的关系是很强的。在车内严格控制手机的使用可能会带来巨大的健康效益。
