卡塔尔多哈市车辆驾驶员使用安全带和手机情况的观察性研究。
Seat belt and mobile phone use among vehicle drivers in the city of Doha, Qatar: an observational study.
作者信息
Mahfoud Ziyad R, Cheema Sohaila, Alrouh Hekmat, Al-Thani Mohammed Hamad, Al-Thani Al Anoud Mohammed, Mamtani Ravinder
机构信息
Division of Global and Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar. Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box: 24144, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, 402 East 67th Street, Box 74, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2015 Sep 22;15:937. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2283-3.
BACKGROUND
In Qatar traffic injuries and fatalities are of serious concern. Mobile phone use whilst driving has been associated with increased risk of vehicular collisions and injuries. Seat belt use has been demonstrated to save lives and reduce the severity of road traffic injuries. Whereas previously published studies may have looked at all front passengers, this study aims to obtain reliable estimates of the prevalence of seat belt and mobile phone use among vehicle drivers in the city of Doha, Qatar. Additionally, we aim to investigate the association of these behaviors with other variables namely gender, time of the day and type of vehicle.
METHODS
An observational study on 2,011 vehicles was conducted in 2013. Data were collected at ten sites within Doha city over a two-week period. Two trained observers surveyed each car and recorded observations on a data collection form adapted from a form used in a 2012 Oklahoma observational study. Associations were assessed using the Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. A p-value of .05 or less was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
Overall, 1,463 (72.7 %) drivers were found using a seat belt (95 % CI: 70.8-74.7 %) and 150 (7.5 %) their mobile phones (95 % CI: 6.3-8.6 %) during the observation period. Mobile phone use was significantly associated with not using a seat belt and driving a sport utility vehicle. Significantly lower rates of seat belt use were observed in the early morning and late afternoon. No gender differences were observed.
DISCUSSION
Seatbelt use in Doha was found to be similar to countries in the region but lower than those in western countries. Also, studies from other high-income locations, reported lower rates of mobile phone use while driving than in Doha.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite road traffic crashes being one of the leading causes of death in Qatar, three out of 10 drivers in Doha, Qatar, do not use a seat belt and about one in 12 use a mobile phone while driving. More efforts, in the form of awareness campaigns and increased law enforcement, are needed to improve compliance with laws requiring seat belt use and prohibiting mobile phone use while driving.
背景
在卡塔尔，交通伤亡问题备受关注。开车时使用手机会增加车辆碰撞和受伤的风险。已证实系安全带能挽救生命并减轻道路交通伤害的严重程度。以往发表的研究可能涵盖了所有前排乘客，而本研究旨在可靠地估计卡塔尔多哈市车辆驾驶员使用安全带和手机的比例。此外，我们旨在调查这些行为与其他变量（即性别、一天中的时间和车辆类型）之间的关联。
方法
2013年对2011辆车进行了一项观察性研究。在两周时间内，于多哈市的10个地点收集数据。两名经过培训的观察员对每辆车进行调查，并在一份根据2012年俄克拉荷马州观察性研究中使用的表格改编的数据收集表上记录观察结果。使用卡方检验或费舍尔精确检验评估关联性。p值小于或等于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
总体而言，在观察期内，发现1463名（72.7%）驾驶员系着安全带（95%置信区间：70.8 - 74.7%），150名（7.5%）驾驶员在使用手机（95%置信区间：6.3 - 8.6%）。使用手机与不系安全带以及驾驶运动型多用途汽车显著相关。清晨和傍晚时分观察到系安全带的比例明显较低。未观察到性别差异。
讨论
发现多哈市的安全带使用率与该地区其他国家相似，但低于西方国家。此外，其他高收入地区的研究报告称，开车时使用手机的比例低于多哈。
结论
尽管道路交通碰撞是卡塔尔主要的死亡原因之一，但在卡塔尔多哈，每10名驾驶员中有3人不系安全带，约每12人中有1人在开车时使用手机。需要通过开展宣传活动和加强执法等更多努力，来提高对要求系安全带和禁止开车时使用手机的法律的遵守情况。
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