Martin Michael J R, Matthews Stephen A, Lee Barrett A
Department of Sociology and Population Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, 211 Oswald Tower, University Park, PA 16802.
Spat Demogr. 2017 Oct;5(3):145-169. doi: 10.1007/s40980-016-0030-8. Epub 2016 Dec 19.
Although increasing racial and ethnic diversity is a demographic trend with society-wide implications, it has advanced farther in some parts of the United States than others. Our research seeks to understand this unevenness at the local level. Drawing on 1980-2010 census data, we use an innovative spatial analytic approach to examine the spread or diffusion of diversity across counties in the 48 contiguous states. Three perspectives-locational persistence, spatial assimilation, and institutional hub-offer different expectations about the nature of the diffusion process. The perspectives are evaluated by mapping changes in the magnitude and structure of diversity and by tracing county transitions between types of diversity clusters. We document considerable stability in diversity patterns over a 30-year period, consistent with the logic of locational persistence. But support is also found for the spatial assimilation and institutional hub models in the form of cluster-type transitions that reflect contagious diffusion and hierarchical diffusion, respectively.
尽管种族和民族多样性的增加是一种具有全社会影响的人口趋势，但在美国的某些地区，这一趋势比其他地区发展得更远。我们的研究旨在了解地方层面上的这种不均衡现象。利用1980年至2010年的人口普查数据，我们采用一种创新的空间分析方法，来研究48个毗邻州各县的多样性传播或扩散情况。位置持久性、空间同化和机构枢纽这三种观点，对扩散过程的性质有着不同的预期。通过绘制多样性的规模和结构变化图，并追踪各县在不同类型多样性集群之间的转变，对这些观点进行了评估。我们记录了30年间多样性模式的相当稳定性，这与位置持久性的逻辑一致。但也分别以反映传染扩散和等级扩散的集群类型转变的形式，找到了对空间同化和机构枢纽模型的支持。
