Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco - Unità di Tecnologia farmaceutica, Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
Università degli Studi "Aldo Moro" di Bari, Dip. Chimica, Via Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2018 Jul 1;521:50-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.02.069. Epub 2018 Mar 9.
The interesting properties of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) make them attractive for different application fields such as cosmetology, medicine and clinical nanotechnologies. In this work a fast, easy and eco-friendly method for the AuNPs synthesis is proposed by using the Punica Granatum Juice (PGJ) with potential dermatological and cosmetic applications. The AuNPs antioxidant activity, due to the presence of phenols from the juice, and their use as booster for improving the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) in commercial sunscreen formulations, are thus expounded.
By using appropriate amounts of PGJ and HAuCl, under mild work conditions, AuNPs with a mean size of 100 ± 40 nm are observed and carefully characterized. Solution pH, temperature, and volume were also changed for optimizing the AuNPs formation and features. The antioxidant activity was studied, by evaluating the AuNP ability of scavenging the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylhydrate (DPPH). This finding was confirmed performing special experiments focused on the reaction between AuNPs and HO, by using suitable probes, such as 4-thiothymidine (STdR) and Cytochrome-c (Cyt-c). The SPF value was also calculated.
The synthetized AuNPs showed a surface plasmon in visible range at 577 nm and resulted stable for long time in aqueous medium, also changing the pH values in the range 2-12. The studied antioxidant activity, confirmed also by performing special experiments with suitable probes, demonstrated the high performance of AuNPs. The AuNP photostability under sun irradiation is also shown. The calculated SPF values were in the range 3-18, related to AuNPs concentration in the range 1.80 × 10-1.00 × 10 M. The same AuNPs concentrations were used for cellular experiments. Indeed, since the AuNPs-PGJ mediated will be potentially introduced by dermal contact, dermal fibroblasts (Human Dermal Fibroblasts, HDF) and Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HMVEC) were used to evaluate the possible effects of these nanoparticles as a preliminary step. The results indicated that an AuNP concentrations in the range 1.80 × 10-3.60 × 10 M could be adopted since they do not appeared cyctotoxic.
金纳米粒子（AuNPs）具有有趣的性质，使其成为美容、医学和临床纳米技术等不同应用领域的理想选择。本工作提出了一种使用具有潜在皮肤学和化妆品应用潜力的石榴汁（PGJ）快速、简便且环保的 AuNPs 合成方法。由于果汁中存在酚类物质，AuNPs 具有抗氧化活性，并且可以作为提高商业防晒霜配方中防晒因子（SPF）的增效剂。
在温和的工作条件下，使用适量的 PGJ 和 HAuCl，观察到平均尺寸为 100±40nm 的 AuNPs，并对其进行了仔细的表征。还改变了溶液 pH 值、温度和体积以优化 AuNPs 的形成和特性。通过评估 AuNP 清除 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼基（DPPH）自由基的能力来研究抗氧化活性。通过使用适当的探针，如 4-硫代胸苷（STdR）和细胞色素 c（Cyt-c），进行专门的实验，证实了这一发现，这些实验集中在 AuNPs 与 HO 之间的反应。还计算了 SPF 值。
合成的 AuNPs 在可见范围内显示出表面等离子体共振，在水介质中长时间稳定，并且在 2-12 的 pH 值范围内也会发生变化。研究的抗氧化活性，通过使用适当的探针进行专门的实验也得到了证实，证明了 AuNPs 的高性能。还展示了 AuNP 在阳光照射下的光稳定性。计算出的 SPF 值在 3-18 范围内，与 1.80×10-1.00×10 M 范围内的 AuNPs 浓度有关。相同的 AuNPs 浓度用于细胞实验。事实上，由于 AuNPs-PGJ 介导的物质将通过皮肤接触被引入，因此使用人真皮成纤维细胞（Human Dermal Fibroblasts，HDF）和人微血管内皮细胞（Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells，HMVEC）来评估这些纳米粒子作为初步步骤的可能影响。结果表明，在 1.80×10-3.60×10 M 的范围内采用 AuNP 浓度是可行的，因为它们不会表现出细胞毒性。
