Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018 Jun;98(6):1563-1565. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0866. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
Although numerous viruses are transmitted by mosquitoes, four have caused the most human suffering over the centuries and continuing today. These are the viruses causing yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika fevers. Africa is clearly the ancestral home of yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika viruses and likely the dengue virus. Several species of mosquitoes, primarily in the genus , have been transmitting these viruses and their direct ancestors among African primates for millennia allowing for coadaptation among viruses, mosquitoes, and primates. One African primate (humans) and one African mosquito () have escaped Africa and spread around the world. Thus it is not surprising that this native African mosquito is the most efficient vector of these native African viruses to this native African primate. This makes it likely that when the next disease-causing virus comes out of Africa, will be the major vector to humans.
尽管有许多病毒通过蚊子传播，但在过去的几个世纪里，有四种病毒给人类带来了最大的痛苦，并一直持续到今天。这些病毒分别导致了黄热病、登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡热。非洲显然是黄热病、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒的发源地，也可能是登革热病毒的发源地。主要属的几种蚊子，数千年来一直在非洲灵长类动物中传播这些病毒及其直接祖先，从而使病毒、蚊子和灵长类动物之间能够共同适应。一种非洲灵长类动物（人类）和一种非洲蚊子（）已经逃离了非洲，并传播到了世界各地。因此，这种原产于非洲的蚊子是这些原产于非洲的病毒向原产于非洲的灵长类动物传播的最有效媒介也就不足为奇了。这使得当下一种致病病毒从非洲出现时，很可能成为主要的人类传播媒介。
